1. China 7.2

2. Lesson #2 “China’s First Civilizations”

3. Section #1 Life in Ancient China

4. Question # 1
What do you call a group of people that share a similar position in society?
Answer:
A social class

5. Question # 2
What are the three levels main parts of China’s social class system?
Answer:
Landowning aristocrats
Peasant farmers
merchants

6. Question # 3
Approximately what percent of people were farmers in Ancient China?
Answer:
About 90% (9 out of 10)

7. Question # 4 Answer: What were three of China’s main crops?
Wheat, rice and millet

8. Question # 5
Why did aristocrat landowners in China own LESS land than their fathers and grandfathers?
Answer:
Each generation would divide the land into parts for their sons to own.

9. Why did farmers have to give part of their crops to the aristocrats?
Question # 6
Why did farmers have to give part of their crops to the aristocrats?
Answer:
The aristocrats owned the land that the farmers grew the crops on.

10. Question # 7
What occupations made up the “merchant” class in China’s society?
Answer:
Shopkeepers, traders and bankers

11. Question # 8
Why did people have large families in China?
Answer:
They needed many people to work on the farms.

12. Question # 9
What did farmers do in order to be able to use the land on the mountainside for farming?
Answer:
Built terraces

13. Question # 10
What do you call the flat areas cut into the sides of mountains (like steps) that help keep the soil from eroding?
Answer:
terraces

14. Question # 11
How else did terraces help farmers?
Answer:
The farmers used the water from the terraces to water the crops.

15. Question # 12
Who was valued more in Chinese society, men or women?
Answer:
men

16. Question #13
What does the term filial piety mean?
Answer:
Children had to respect their parents and older relatives and do what the head of the family wanted.

17. Question # 14
Who was the head of the family in China?
Answer:
The oldest male

18. Question #15
Who would take over if the head of the family passed on?
Answer:
The next oldest male

19. Section #2 Chinese Thinkers

20. Question #16
What event caused the Chinese people to seek ways to make their society more peaceful?
Answer:
The Period of the Warring States

21. Question # 17
What were the 3 major theories that Chinese thinkers developed in order to create a peaceful society?
Answer:
Who was China’s first great thinker and teacher?

22. Question #18
This philosophy taught that all men with a talent for governing should take part in government.
Answer:
Confucianism

23. Question #19
Which Chinese philosophy believed that people should put the needs of their family and community first?
Answer:
Confucianism

24. Question #20
Which philosophy believed that people should give up worldly desires in favor of nature and the Dao?
Answer:
Daoism

25. Question #21
Which Chinese philosophy believed that society needed a system of harsh and strict punishment?
Answer:
Legalism

26. Question #22
What is another name for Daoism?
Answer:
Taoism

27. Question #23
Which Chinese philosophy was developed by Laozi?
Answer:
Daoism

28. Question # 24
Which Chinese philosophy was developed based on the teachings of Hanfeizi?
Answer:
Legalism

29. Question #25
Which Chinese philosophy taught that humans were naturally evil.
Answer:
Legalism

30. Question #26
Which Chinese philosophy did the aristocrats like the best?
Answer:
Legalism

31. Question #27
Why did aristocrats like Legalism?
Answer:
It favored using force and power and did not expect rulers to show kindness or understanding.

32. Question # 28
What are the three major theories about how to create a more peaceful society in China?
Answer:
Confucianism, Daoism and Legalism.