1. 19 October 2015 E.Q. – What is the 1 st Civilization & What are the Elements of a civilizations? Bellringer: Why is it good to settle along a river? Mesopotamia Geography Basics Elements of a Civilization HW: Chapter 3 Map Questions 

4. Map from CIA Source Book Modern Location Iraq

6. Mesopotamia The “land between the rivers” in Greek

7. Mesopotamia Rivers The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

8. Fertile Crescent A large arc of Fertile farmland extending from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea.

10. Mesopotamia Basics Mesopotamia 2 Rivers Fertile Crescent Modern Country Farming Greek “Land between the rivers” Tigris & Euphrates Large arc of fertile farmland extending from Persian Gulf to Mediterranean Sea Iraq about 7,000 years ago – small villages

11. Floods? A Good Thing? In Mesopotamia, Yes! Not much rain (see map) Heavy rains in Eastern Asia Minor –Where rivers originate –Caused floods First – floods were washing away crops, killing livestock & washing away homes! They had to lean how to control the floods

13. Ways to help farming … Irrigation- a way of supplying water to an area of land. Silt- a mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks. Canals- human-made waterways

14. Surplus! Farming allowed Early Mesopotamians to develop a surplus, or an excess - more than is needed. *Farming allowed Early Mesopotamians to develop a surplus, or an excess - more than is needed.

15. Division of Labor Workers specialize in a specific task or job.

16. What Makes Up A Civilization? Page 3

17. What is a civilization? It is a network of cities that all share a common culture. 5 Requirements –Stable Food Supply –Division of Labor –System of Government –Social Hierarchy –Highly Developed Culture

18. Stable Food Supply A steady supply of food or a surplus

19. Division of Labor People do a variety of different jobs that help the civilizations function.

20. System of Government Laws that protect the people in the civilization.

21. Social Hierarchy Social classes or the social pyramid

22. Highly Developed Culture Examples -- Art, architecture, religion, law, music, a system of writing.

23. Parting Thoughts…. http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=en dscreen&NR=1&v=84y2q4giihYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=en dscreen&NR=1&v=84y2q4giihY

24. Is Mesopotamia a Civilization?

25. Stable Food Supply Irrigation increased the amount of food farmers were able to grow Farmers could create a surplus of food Foods included: fish, meat, barley and dates

26. Division of Labor Since there was a surplus of food, not everyone had to be a farmer Each worker could specialize in a particular job People could become –Crafters –Religious leaders –Government workers

27. System of Government Organized into city-states (city & countryside around it) King is in control

28. Social Hierarchy King Priests Skilled Craftspeople Merchants & Traders Farmers & Laborers (Working Class) Slaves

29. Highly Developed Culture Writing – Cuneiform Works of literature – poems & stories Invented the wheel and plow Statues of gods Gold jewelry People sang, danced & played musical instruments