1. Islam Chapter 26 Section 1

2. Islam Muhammad-prophet to God (Allah) Gabriel-angel sent by God to Muhammad telling him to preach Koran-Islamic Holy Book Came from what Gabriel told Muhammad-exact recitation At first it was only written in Arabic, thereby creating a universal language for Muslims

3. Islam Mecca-Holy City City at the center of trade Many worshiped at the Kaaba What was located at the Kaaba? (see pg 570) A sacred shrine that housed the images of Arab gods and the Black Stone (a meteorite thought to have been sent from the heavens)

4. Islam People in Mecca did not agree with Muhammad’s message of monotheism WHY? (see pg 570) Thought it would end pilgrimages to Kaaba and they would lose money Forced him to leave Went to Medina (called the city of the prophet) Hejira-migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina Became the 1 st year of the Muslim calendar

5. Islam Several years later, Muhammad returned to Mecca with an army and took the city He dies 2 years later

6. YES-NO-WHY Muhammad was forced out of Mecca because the people didn’t like the religion he was preaching about.

7. Islam Believe in the same God as Christians and Jews Muslim-someone who submits to God All people are equal Ethical conduct Day of Judgment when wicked are punished with suffering and will go to Hell and the faithful will be rewarded with eternal live in heaven Can go to Hell for lying, dishonesty, corruption, etc.

8. Islam Muslims can not: drink alcohol Eat/Touch pork Eat meat of a carnivore Hijab-head covering for women Shows modesty Some have to cover whole face except eyes, others can expose face, but not hair (depends on if Islam is used as just a religion, or also the law for the country)

9. YES-NO-WHY The Islamic religion is completely different from Christianity.

10. 5 Pillars of Islam 1. Proclaim belief in one God God revealed his message to Muhammad Honor Abraham, Moses, and Jesus-do not worship 2. Prayer 5 times a day Face holy city

11. 5 Pillars of Islam 3. Charity to old and poor 4. Fast during Ramadan 9 th month of Muslim calendar (end of Sept- Oct) Not allowed to eat/drink from sunrise to sunset 5. Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once

12. 5 Pillars of Islam Some also include 6. Jihad What does Jihad include? (see pg 571) -Struggle for inner peace -battle in defense of Islam

13. Expansion of Islam Why did Islam spread quickly? (see pg 572-573) Army was united by beliefs Muslim warriors who died in the service of Islam would win a place in paradise Riches from conquered lands Were seen as liberators Liked idea of equality Did not force to convert (had to pay a tax)

14. Summary Write a one sentence summary of why Islam was able to expand so rapidly.

15. 2 Branches Why are there two branches of Islam? (see pg 573) Split over who would be caliph (successor to Muhammad) Sunni-Majority Believe anyone could be caliph Shiite-Minority Believe only descendants of Ali (Muhammad’s cousin) could be caliph

16. What is the meaning of each of the following? “Praise belongs to God, the Lord of all Being, the All-merciful, the All-compassionate, the Master of the Day of Doom. Thee only we serve.” “Woe to those who pray but in their prayer are careless, who make a show of devotion but refuse to help the needy.” “Read the Koran constantly. I swear that the Koran runneth away faster than a camel which is not tied by the leg.”

17. Assignment Turn to page 573 Read the Arab Empire and Golden Age of Muslim Civilization As you read, take notes on the sections Then answer question 7 in the section 1 review (page 575)