1. Chapter 5 Notes
European Explorers

2. I. Europe Eyes the Americas A. Spain Expands Its Influence
1. Christopher Columbus sailed from Spain in to find a faster trade ROUTE to Asia.
2. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella FINANCED his expeditions - 4 in all.

3. In Fourteen Hundred Ninety Two, Columbus Sailed the Ocean Blue!!

4. COLUMBUS’S FOUR VOYAGES

5. II. Spanish Explorers Come to Texas
A. Spain Established Colonies
1. From 1492 until 1519 Spain concentrated on establishing colonies in the West Indies.
2. Conquistador – Spanish explorer who searched for wealth and land
a. Could gain personal wealth &
prestige by conquering an area.

6. SPANISH EXPLORERS: 1519–1598

7. B. Reasons for Exploration:
1. Search for a quicker route to Asia to facilitate the spice trade.
2. Competition had increased between the empires of Spain, Portugal, France and England.
3. Can be summed up with the phrase: “Gold, God, and Glory”

8. C. Columbian Exchange
(Great Exchange)
1. Exchange of goods between Europe, Asia and the Americas.
2. It was both good and bad.

10. D. Examples of items exchanged
1. Horses were brought to the Americas by the explorers.
a. They changed the way of life for the Plains Indians.
2. Intro of corn, potatoes, sugar & cotton from America to other continents changed lives around the world.
3. Diseases were introduced to the Americas by the Spanish explorers, decimating the Native population.

11. E. Alonzo Alvarez de Pineda
1. Sent from Jamaica to map the Gulf of Mexico.
2. Was the 1st European to see the Texas coast.
3. Made the 1st map of the Gulf of Mexico.
4. In 1519

12. Pineda’s Map

13. F. Hernando Cortes Conquers Mexico
1. In 1519, Cortes was sent by the governor of Cuba to explore the America’s.
2. Cortes gained control of Mexico by defeating the Aztecs under Montezuma.
3. The gold & riches Cortes brought back to Spain made the Spanish more eager to explore New Spain.

15. G. Cabeza de Vaca (1526)
1. Cabeza De Vaca was one of 80 survivors of the Narvaez expedition shipwrecked on Galveston Bay.
They were the 1st Europeans to
set foot in Texas.
3. He lived with the Karankawas for 6 years as a slave and healer.
4. He led 4 survivors to Mexico, exploring the interior of Texas on their way.

16. Cabeza De Vaca (con’t)
5. One of the 4 was a slave named Estaban (Estavanico). He was the 1st African to set foot in Texas.
6. Cabeza de Vaca’s account of life among Native Texans is considered the first work of TX literature.
7. He reported a native legend that there was a place called Cibola, seven cities made of gold.

18. H. Other Spanish Explorers
Francisco Coronado – 1540, sent North from Mexico to look for Cibola. Followed a Native, El Turco, across the Texas Panhandle, went up to Kansas, to Quivera, and claimed all the land for Spain.

20. 2. Hernando de Soto – 1539, led. second. expedition to look for
2. Hernando de Soto – 1539, led second expedition to look for Cibola, beginning in Florida across the Southern U.S. to discover the Mississippi River.

22. I. Spain Becomes a World Power
1. Spain reaped vast wealth with gold and silver from parts of the Americas, making them a world power.
2. Spain turns it’s attention to building missions and spreading Christianity to the Natives.

23. III. Spain Established Missions
A. Spain established missions to spread Christianity whenever they established a colony.
1. Corpus Christi de la Ysleta
a. 1st of all Spanish missions.
b. built in 1682
c. to minister to the Jumanos in West Texas

25. 2. San Francisco de los Tejas
a. 1st mission in East Texas
b. built in 1690
c. to minister to the Caddoes in East Texas
d. founded by
Father Damian
Massanet

26. 3. San Antonio de Valero
a. ½ point between New Spain & the East Texas missions
b. built in 1718
c. also called “The Alamo”
B. Missionaries attempted to Christianize the Natives and teach them to be productive Spanish citizens.

27. IV. The French Explore Texas
A. France Shows Interest in the Gulf
A French explorer, Sieur de La Salle, discovered the Mississippi River, claiming all the lands it reached for France.
2. He named the land “Louisiana” after the king of France.

29. 3. He later convinced King Louis &. Queen Anne to let him return to
3. He later convinced King Louis & Queen Anne to let him return to the new land and establish a French colony.
4. La Salle went back to America in 1684, looking for the mouth of the Mississippi.
5. He landed at Matagorda Bay instead of the Mississippi.
6. He established Ft. St. Louis- 1st French colony in Texas.

30. B. Ft. St. Louis was unsuccessful. and French exploration in the
B. Ft. St. Louis was unsuccessful and French exploration in the Americas ended.
C. However, Spain saw a threat to it’s hold in the New World and then began colonizing again.

31. FRENCH AND SPANISH CLAIMS ON NORTH AMERICA, 1682–1688

32. Chapter Summary Europe Eyes the Americas The French Explore Texas
Columbus came to the New World looking for gold and a new trade route to Asia. Although he found neither, his four voyages inspired others to seek their fortunes in the Americas.
Europe Eyes the Americas
Spain’s claims on Texas lands prompted France to establish a colony of its own. Although La Salle’s Texas colony did not survive, France’s presence renewed Spain’s interest in settling Texas.
The French Explore Texas
Following Columbus’s lead, Spain established colonies in the Caribbean and Mexico. Reports of riches drew the explorers north to Texas where they established a successful mission.
Spanish Explorers Come to Texas