2. version 1.0 Drummer Activity 1 Street A teaching sequence from the Studio Magic unit cracking science! Activity from the Studio Magic unit © upd8 wikid, built by cracking science 2009 This page may have been changed from the original

3. abcdefghijklm  nopqrstuvwxyZ  Y8 Studio Magic       Crack the code and work out what the keywords are. Write the words down on your whiteboard for later.

4. 3 describe what makes sound (level 4) describe how sounds travel (level 5) investigate what makes some sounds louder than others (level 6) We are learning to…

5. Meet Zane. 4 I’m broke and I’ve got nowhere to live. All I have left are my drumsticks and talent. Engage

6. 5 I need an agent to get noticed. You’ll do! I’ll call you agent Z. Your first job is to get me a drum! Competition! Win the drum of your dreams.

7. 6 Competition…Win the drum of your dreams ! Work out answers to these questions … May the best explainer win! What starts sounds? What makes some sounds loud … and others soft? Sounds travel – How? Where? Through what and why? A sound hits a surface. What happens? discuss SS1 Elicit / Explore

8. When you hit a drum, the skin vibrates. 7 SS 10 All sounds start as vibrations in materials. This starts a sound. Explain

9. 8 The bigger the vibrations, the louder the sound. Explain

10. A sound travels from its source in all directions. 9 This transfers energy. Here’s how … Explain

11. Sound travels through gases, like the air. Explain 10 SS 11

12. Sound travels through liquids, like water. Explain 11

13. Sound travels through solids, like wood, metals or ice. Explain 12 Sound travels faster in liquids and solids than in gases because the particles are closer together in liquids and solids.

14. Sound waves cannot travel in a vacuum … Explain 13 discuss … because there are no particles to vibrate!

15. 14 The sound wave has been reflected. Reflected sound is called an echo. The further you are from a surface, the longer it takes to hear the echo. When a sound wave hits a hard surface, it bounces off the surface. Explain

16. Sound One word to describe how sounds start. Two words to describe which direction sounds travel in. Three words to describe what sounds travel through. Four words to explain why sounds cannot travel through a vacuum. Five words to say what happens when sound hits a surface.

17. 16 describe what makes sound (level 4) describe how sounds travel (level 5) investigate what makes some sounds louder than others (level 6) We are learning to…

18. Well done! 17 Come in to collect the drum of your dreams! Explain My name is Drew. I was impressed with your answers about sound.

19. Sound waves are longitudinal waves. Particles do not travel from one end of the wave to the other – the wave is energy moving through the material. 18 In sound waves, the vibrations and energy transfer are in the same direction. Explain

20. The vibrating particles make up a sound wave. 19 When you hit a drum, the air particles next to it vibrate. The particles are squashing together and then getting further apart. The vibrating air particles make the particles next to them vibrate. Then these particles make the particles next to them vibrate. Explain

21. I just need to check you deserve that drum. Evaluate 20 What are the missing words? Sounds start as __________. Sound travels as __________. The bigger the vibration, the ________ the sound. Sounds transfer __________. Sound cannot travel in a __________. Reflected sound makes an __________. discuss

22. I want a selection of drums of different loudness. Elicit / Explore 21 SS1 Use science techniques to compare their loudness Can you do this, Agent Z?

23. Explain 3 22 Scientists also measure loudness – or sound levels – in decibels, dB. An increase of 10 dB means a sound is twice as loud. SS8

24. Why are some sounds louder than others? 1.Drop a marble from 10cm onto to drum. Measure the loudness of the sound. 2.Now drop the marble from 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm and measure the loudness of the sound. 3.Record the results in the table. Extension Look for outliers in your results. Say how you would deal with these. How could we make the results more reliable? Height marble is dropped from (in cm) Loudness of sound (in decibels/dB) 10 20 30 40 50 What type of graph will we need to draw for this data?

25. Studio Magic Drummer 2 Loud SS6 Conclusion Studio Magic Drummer 2 Loud SS7 Drum rollOscilloscope We found out that the higher the marble drop, the louder the sound. Sound carries energy and travels as waves. The bigger the wave, the louder the sound. We say more energy is being transferred. We can show waves in many waves. Describe what this picture shows. Now listen to the sound. Which wave trace shows the quietest sound? Why? What could these diagrams show about sound?

26. Sound starts as a BLANK and travels as a BLANK vibration and wave

27. In sound waves, the vibrating particles and energy are transferred in the same BLANK. These are called BLANK waves. Direction and longitudinal

28. energy and bigger amplitude Loud sounds transfer more BLANK and so the waves are BLANK The height of the wave is called the BLANK

29. The loudness of sound is measured in BLANK decibels

30. Sound can travel through BLANK, BLANK and BLANK but cannot travel through a BLANK solid, liquid, gas, vacuum