1. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-1 Power and Politics Chapter 11 Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 8/e Stephen P. Robbins

2. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-2 1)Define power 2)Describe the seven bases of power 3)Explain what creates dependency in power relationships 4)Describe how power is central to understanding sexual harassment After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

3. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-3 After reading this chapter, you should be able to: 5)Define political behavior 6)Describe the importance of a political perspective 7)Explain the factors contributing to political behavior in organizations 8)Identify seven techniques for managing the impression you make on others

4. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-4 Power Refers to a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B does something he or she would not otherwise do

5. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-5 Power Potential Dependence Discretion

6. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-6 Leadership and Power Leaders use power as a way to attain group goals, and power is a means for facilitating their achievement

7. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-7 Bases of Power Formal – Coercive – Reward – Legitimate – Information

8. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-8 Coercive power - One reacts to this power out of fear of the negative results that might occur if one failed to comply

9. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-9 Reward power - People comply with the wishes or directives of another because doing so produces positive benefits Legitimate power - represents the formal authority to control and use organizational resources

10. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-10 Information power - comes from access to and control over information

11. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-11 Bases of Power Personal – Expert – Referent – Charismatic

12. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-12 Expert power - influence wielded as a result of expertise, special skill, or knowledge Referent power - based on identification with a person who has desirable resources or personal traits

13. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-13 Charismatic power - extension of referent power stemming from an individual’s personality and interpersonal style

14. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-14 The General Dependency Postulate The greater B’s dependency on A, the greater the power A has over B

15. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-15 What Creates Dependency? Dependency is increased when the resource you control is –Important –Scarce –Nonsubstitutable

16. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-16 Power in Groups: Coalitions Seek to maximize their size More created where there is task and resource interdependence

17. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-17 Power and Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment is about power It’s about one person controlling or threatening another –Supervisor’s power over subordinates for rewards and job security –Co-worker’s influence in denial or delay of information –Subordinate’s highlighting gender stereotypes

18. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-18 Political Behavior Activities that are not required as part of one’s formal role in the organization, but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within the organization

19. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-19 Factors Contributing to Political Behavior Individual factors: Authoritarian High-risk propensity External locus of control High need for power Autonomy Security Status

20. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-20 Factors Contributing to Political Behavior Organizational factors: Low trust Role ambiguity Unclear performance evaluation systems Zero-sum reward allocation practices Democratic decision making High pressures for performance

21. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-21 Political Behavior Very strong evidence indicating that perceptions of organizational politics are negatively related to job satisfaction

22. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-22 Political Behavior Increased job anxiety and stress Leads to self-reported declines in employee performance

23. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-23 Defensive Behaviors

24. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-24 Techniques Used for Impression Management Self-descriptions Conformity Accounts Apologies Acclaiming Flattery Favors

25. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-25 Is a Political Action Ethical?

26. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-26 1)Defined power 2)Described the seven bases of power 3)Explained what creates dependency in power relationships 4)Described how power is central to understanding sexual harassment Summary

27. © 2005 Prentice-Hall 11-27 5)Defined political behavior 6)Described the importance of a political perspective 7)Explained the factors contributing to political behavior in organizations 8)Identified seven techniques for managing the impression you make on others Summary