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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST1 HarmoniQuA Knowledge Base and modelling guidelines Presenter affiliation name - country
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST2 Structure Introduction to the KB Previous initiatives Design criteria An ontological approach How the KB was produced The ontological structure of the KB Viewing the content of the KB How the KB is used in MoST Conclusions
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST3 Introduction to the KB What is the KB? A collection of knowledge on modelling for various domains of water management Structured according to an ontology (I.e. a sort of data model) Developed by decomposing the modelling process: step - task – (activity + method) What will it do? Provide guidance to Various user types (manager, modeller, auditor, stakeholder, public) Various domains Various job complexities
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST4 Previous initiatives Capability Maturity Model (Humphrey 1989, SE) Simulation Maturity Model 5 stages: (1) ad hoc, (2) repeatable, (3) defined, (4) managed, (5) optimised SMM was the starting point for: Good Modelling Practice Handbook - Netherlands [Van Waveren et al., 2000, Scholten et al., 2001] Other modelling guidelines in water management: Murray-Darling groundwater flow modelling,Australia [Middlemis, 2000] Bay-Delta modelling protocol for water and environmental modelling in Californian [BDMF, 2000]
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST5 Design criteria (1) Provide guidance during modelling that is dedicated to: Users (water manager, modeller, auditor, stakeholder, public) Domains (groundwater, precipitation-runoff, hydrodynamics, flood forecasting, surface water quality, biota (ecology) and socio-economics); Define the modelling process by decomposition into: 1.Process into steps 2.Steps into tasks 3.Tasks into activities and activity related methods
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST6 Design criteria (2) Other design criteria Easy update via WEB Easy maintenance Flexible structure Authorisation management with Knowledge administrators Knowledge editors Registered users (can read and comment) Operating system independent Software engineering criteria
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST7 An ontological approach (1) Definition of an ontology Explicit specification of a conceptualisation (Gruber, 1993, 1995) Formal specification of a shared conceptualisation (Borst, 1997) with conceptualisation = what can be represented, e.g. Concepts (i.e. entities, ideas, plans, etc.) Relations between the concepts
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST8 An ontological approach (2) Why ontologies (Uschold et al., 1998)? Communication (exchange structured knowledge between people and/or organisations), Interoperability (understanding knowledge between machines and between men and machines) Systems engineering (software / KB systems: re-use of knowledge and making knowledge explicit).
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST9 An ontological approach (3) How to develop tools with ontologies: 1.Develop an ontological structure (how the knowledge is structured); 2.Get the knowledge ( knowledge acquisition ); 3.Put the knowledge in a Knowledge Base, which has the previously defined ontological structure; 4.Build software application (s) using the KB
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST10 How the KB was produced (1) First draft in a meeting with 5 persons with expertise in modelling for water management knowledge engineering The modelling process was decomposed in steps and subsequently the steps in tasks Produced structure diagrams of tasks in and between steps Produced empty spreadsheets for each task per domain (9x7) With for each task a spreadsheet, to be filled with name task definition task explanation task [list of] activities with associated methods previous task next task other info (examples, relevant references and URLs, …) 3 types of tasks: normal, decision, review
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST11 The ontological structure of the KB
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST13 How the KB was produced (2) Implementing the KB Experts from each domain filled in the content of the KB and contributed terms to the glossary. Expert contributions included: Naming, defining and explaining each task Defining activities and associated methods for each task. Providing information on other aspects of each task Subsequently all task spreadsheets were uploaded in the ontological KB Improving the KB A web based tool for adding/editing KB by modelling experts has been produced The domain responsible persons edited and improved the KB The KB has been tested in 2 rounds: round 1: 2004 round 2: 2005
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST14 Viewing the content of the KB The KB can be viewed in 2 ways (first register as user): with Modelling Support Tool (MoST): easy browsing, flowcharts with the knowledge editor: long (printable) text: First modelling step: mainly interaction between water manager and modeller Next modelling steps: work of (teams of) modeller(s), reviewed by water manager and auditor
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST16 How the KB is used in MoST Toolbox to use guidelines from KB Monitor modelling process Store monitored modelling process in model journal Report from model journal Get advice from previous model studies / model journals Other web based tools for editing KB and glossary Training material
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, - - HarmoniQuA MoST17 Conclusion MoST = tool = KB + monitoring modelling (see presentation: HarmoniQuA MoST ) Too early for final conclusion on KB Level of detail/granularity, complete, consistent? Agreement on knowledge on modelling? Does MoST meet the needs of its users? Not easy to use? We developed training material: Students (demonstration, short, long) Professionals (demonstration, short, long) Web-based: presentations, hands-on experience, discussions, etc.)
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