1. Lab CPM1 LAB CPM. NATIONAL CONTEXT DIFFERENCES IN CORPORAL PUNISHMENT AND DATING PARTNER VIOLENCE “An example of “macro” level research. Also called “societal level” research if the cases studied are societies. Compare to previous lab which used “Individual level” data Most of the Lab Projects from here on will use “macro” or societal level data The Research Question The same question as for previous lab, but at the social system level and using “severe” assaults as the dependent variable: Do nations where corporal punishment is used by many parents have a higher probability of students severely assaulting a dating partner? Soc 695 Family Violence Research In World Perspective Murray A. Straus

2. Lab CPM2 SAMPLE AND MEASURES SAMPLE: 32 nations covering every major world region INDEPENDENT VARIABLE = Corporal Punishment measured by Question 105. This is variable VS01 on the data cards. “When I was less then 12 years old, I was spanked or hit a lot by my mother or father.” 1 = Strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Agree 4 = Strongly Agree The variable is the percent of students in each national context who were spanked a lot, as indicated by the percent choosing answers 2, 3, or 4. DEPENDENT VARIABLE = Severe violence against a dating partner, as measured by the Conflict Tactics Scales score for Severe assaults on a dating partner in the past year. (questions are on the next slide)

3. Lab CPM3 CONFLICT TACTICS SCALES – VIOLENCE SCALE QUESTIONS SPSS IDV NAME Q #ASSAULT – MINOR CCAMS1 208 THREW SOMETHING AT PARTNER THAT COULD HURT CCAMS2 210 TWISTED MY PARTNER'S ARM OR HAIR CCAMS3 218 PUSHED OR SHOVED MY PARTNER CCAMS4 246 GRABBED MY PARTNER CCAMS5 254 SLAPPED MY PARTNER ASSAULT - SEVERE CCASS1 222 USED A KNIFE OR GUN ON MY PARTNER CCASS2 228 PUNCHED PARTNER OR HIT PARTNER WITH CCASS3 234 CHOKED MY PARTNER CCASS4 238 SLAMMED PARTNER AGAINST A WALL CCASS5 244 BEAT UP MY PARTNER CCASS6 262 BURNED OR SCALDED MY PARTNER PURPOSE CCASS7 274 I KICKED MY PARTNER

4. Lab CPM4 HYPOTHESIS Write your hypothesis on the Lab Report Form. The hypothesis should use the word “nations” or more accurately “national contexts” to describe the cases The hypothesis could be different from the last lab because the cases are different and because the dependent variable is “severe” assaults, or it could be the same. Why might the results might be different for severe assaults?

5. Lab CPM5 THE DATA DATA FOR EACH NATION IS ON A DATA CARD * To fit the data for a nation on one card, the card for each nation has only about 80 of the 500+ variables * For purposes of this lab, each of you (or each team) will have the data card for one or two of the nations T HE VARIABLES ARE THE PERCENT OF STUDENTS IN EACH NATION OR THE AVERAGE FOR THE STUDENTS IN A NATION, FOR EXAMPLE: -- The percent of students who were spanked a lot before age 12 -- The percent of students who severely assaulted a dating partner THE CODE TELLS YOU THE VARIABLE THAT IS IN EACH BOX THE NAME OF THE NATION IS IN THE LOWER LEFT OF EACH CARD

6. Lab CPM6 TOP HALF OF DATA CARD This is the data on the percent who severe y assaulted a partner (9% for this nation) This is cell 1-2. Each cell of the data card has the score for one variable

7. Lab CPM7 BOTTOM HALF OF DATA CARD This is the data for the percent who were spanked or hit a lot before age 12 (52% for this nation. The nation where the university is located

8. Lab CPM8 The code tells you what is in each cell of the data cards

9. Lab CPM9

10. 10

11. Lab CPM11

12. Lab CPM12

13. Lab CPM13 SCATTER PLOT TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS Each of you (or each team) will have a data card for one or two of the nations. We will go around the class and each of you will read the name of the nation and then read out the value for the X variable and then for the Y variable from your data card As each pair of scores is read out, everyone will put a tally mark in the cell of the table that corresponds to that combination of scores. The X axis (horizontal axis) variable is the percent in each nation who were “spanked or hit a lot before age 12” Variable VS01_1 -- in 3rd row of data card, next to last box The Y axis (vertical axis) variable is the percent in each nation who severely assaulted a dating partner. Variable CTASSP_1 -- in first row, next to last box

14. Lab CPM14 FITT A TREND LINE TO SHOW THE RELATION BETWEEN THE PREVALENCE OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IN A COUNTRY AND THE PREVALENCE OF ASSAULTING A DATING PARTNER For each column of the tabulation form, circle the middle number (this is the median) Take a card or ruler and connect the circles by a straight line. If there there is a tendency for the percent who were violent to a partner to increase from the left to the right side of the chart,.draw a line that shows the trend by sliding a ruler or other straight edge over the chart to get the best fit When this line is fitted mathematically it is called a “regression line” If this were done on a computer, the program would also give you a correlation or regression coefficient that indicates how good the fit between the dots and the line. Computer generated regression line on next slide

15. Lab CPM15 Percent Spanked or Hit A Lot Before Age 12 (VS01) The correlation for this chart:.68, which is very high, but still deviations from the regression line. What would this chart look like if r =.99 or 1.00? (perfect correlation) What would it look like if r -.00 (no correlation) Significance test shows p <.001 What does that mean?

16. Lab CPM16 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION SECTION OF THE LAB REPORT RESULTS SECTION (number & letter your answers) 1.How much corporal punishment was there? How much did it vary from nation to nation (identify the lowest and the highest rate)? 2.How much severe violence to partners was there? How much did it vary from nation to nation? 3.A. What is the relation of corporal punishment to hitting a dating partner? B. How close a relationship is there? C. Is the relation “statistically significant” and what does that show? 4.Anything else you noticed about the results? DISCUSSION SECTION What processes do you think could produce result 3? That is why do you think this relationship exists?

17. Lab CPM17 WHAT HAS BEEN LEARN ED FROM THIS LAB? RESULTS THE PREVALENCE OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT WORLD-WIDE THE PREVALENCE OF VIOLENCE AGAINST DATING PARTNERS BY STUDENTS WORLD-WIDE WHETHER CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IS RELATED TO HOW VIOLENCE A COUNTRY IS METHODS HOW A SCATTER PLOT CAN BE USED TO TEST A HYPOTHESIS AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH TOOLS: Regression line Correlation or regression coefficient Test of significance AN EXPERIENCE WITH EVALUATING DATA AND INTERPRETING RESULTS

18. Lab CPM18 Male students Female students

19. Lab CPM19 MATERIALS NEEDED FOR THIS LAB Data cards Code for data cards Power point hand out Scatter plot form Lab report forms

20. Lab CPM20 TOP HALF OF DATA CARD

21. Lab CPM21 BOTTOM HALF OF DATA CARD

22. Lab CPM22 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Hit by Parents when Under the Age of 12 (vs01) Site % USA-LOUISIAN 68.6 MEX-JUAREZ 66.0 CAN-WINNIPEG 64.4 USA-MISSISSP 64.0 USA-CINCINN 63.4 HONGKONG 62.7 USA-TX-N MEX 62.5 KOR-PUSAN 58.8 CAN-HAMILTON 58.4 USA-UTAH 58.4 CAN-LONDON 57.2 NZL-CHRISTCH 55.2 USA-TX-MEX 54.4 CHE-FRENCH 51.9 USA-NH 2 49.3 USA-NH 1 44.0 CHE-GERMAN 35.2 CAN-MONTREAL 27.3 PRT-BRAGA 23.5 ISR-EMEKZYRL 22.8 BRA-SAOPAULO 19.6 NDL-AMSTRDAM 19.5 Hit by Parents When a Teenager (vs02) Site % HONGKONG 56.4 KOR-PUSAN 52.2 PRT-BRAGA 45.5 BRA-SAOPALO 40.0 USA-MISSISSP 37.8 USA-LOUISIAN 37.4 USA-TX-MEX 34.5 MEX-JUAREZ 30.1 CAN-HAMILTON 26.5 CAN-LONDON 26.4 USA-CINCINN 26.2 CAN-WINNIPEG 24.1 USA-TX-N MEX 23.4 CHE-FRENCH 20.4 CAN-MONTREAL 19.2 ISR-EMEKZYRL 19.2 NZL-CHRISTCH 17.2 USA-NH 1 16.8 USA-UTAH 16.8 CHE-GERMAN 16.8 USA-NH 2 16.1 NDL-AMSTRDAM 12.6 Hit by Non-Family Adults & Children as a Child (vs10) Site % HONGKONG 72.3 KOR-PUSAN 62.8 CHE-FRENCH 57.0 NDL-AMSTRDAM 46.6 MEX-JUAREZ 45.7 CAN-LONDON 42.1 PRT-BRAGA 39.5 NZL-CHRISTCH 38.1 USA-UTAH 37.2 USA-CINCINN 36.2 CAN-WINNIPEG 36.1 CAN-HAMILTON 35.8 USA-TX-MEX 35.4 USA-LOUISIAN 35.2 USA-NH 1 33.4 USA-TX-N MEX 32.2 USA-MISSISSP 30.6 BRA-SAOPAULO 30.4 USA-NH 2 29.0 CAN-MONTREAL 28.0 ISR-EMEKZYRL 27.1 CHE-GERMAN 21.5 TABLE 1: CHILDHOOD PHYSICAL VIOLENCE VICTIMIZATION

23. Lab CPM23 Name _____________________