1. America’s Second War for Independence
The
War
of 1812
America’s Second War for Independence

2. Causes
of the
War?

3. 1. Napoleonic Wars 1806  France-Berlin Decrees: Continental System
1806  Britain issued the: Orders in Council
1807  France-Milan Degrees
 Britain impressed over ,000 American sailors.

4. 2. Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair”
June 21, 1807.
British Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake.
3 dead, 18 wounded.
British Foreign Office said it was a mistake.
Jefferson’s Response:
Forbade British ships to dock in American ports.
Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.

5. 3. The Embargo Act (1807) The “OGRABME” Turtle

6. Presidential Election of 1808

7. James Madison Becomes President

8. Dolly Madison: The President’s Greatest Asset

9. 4. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809)
Replaced the Embargo Act.
Remained U. S. policy until 1812.
Unexpected Consequences:
New England was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories reopened].
Laid the groundwork for US industrial power.
Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to Hamilton’s view of the US!!!

10. 5. British Instigation of Indians
British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

11. Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811
General William Henry Harrison  governor of the Indiana Territory.
Invited Native Indian chiefs to Ft. Wayne, IN to sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US government.
Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands.
Tecumseh’s brother fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe.
This made Harrison a national hero! [1840 election  Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!]

12. “War Hawks”
John C. Calhoun [SC]
Henry Clay [KY]

13. Presidential Election of 1812

14. “Mr. Madison’s War!”

15. American Problems The US was unprepared militarily:
Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s 800 ships.
Americans disliked a draft  preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias.
Financially unprepared:
Flood of paper $.
Revenue from import tariffs declined.
Regional disagreements.

16. Overview of the War of 1812

17. 3 U. S. Invasions of 1812

18. Campaigns of 1813

19. Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814
Oh Say Can You See By the Dawn’s Early Light… Francis Scott Key

20. Gave proof through the night, That our flag was still there..

21. Attack on Ft. Oswego, 1814

22. Hartford Convention December, 1814 – January, 1815
New
England
Considers
Secession!

23. Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814

24. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

25. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

26. Jackson’s Florida Campaigns