1. Cells to Organs the building blocks of life TPJ 3M Nicole Klement

2. Cells In groups of 2-3, without getting up or moving chairs, pick one person to write and jot down everything you know about cells.

3. Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells. (Schleiden and Schwann) 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function. (Schleiden and Schwann) 3. All cells arise from pre ‐ existing cells by cell division. (Virchow)

4. How are we built… All organisms are put together using cells. Animals and Plants consist of BILLIONS of cells Cells build tissues, tissues build organs, organs build organ systems. (Cells-> tissues-> organs-> organ systems-> organism) In plants and animals all organ systems function together to support life in the organism

5. The Evolution of cells First cell was formed approx 3.8 million years ago

6. Cell Numbers required for life OrganismBacteriaInsectSmall MammalHuman Facts Single celled All bacteria found on the surface of the planet weigh more than any other species Very successful life form Made from hundreds of thousand cells Basic organ systems Rat contains many millions of cells organised into 9 organ systems Humans contain many billions of cells We replace 1 billion cells an hour for our lives

7. Why such little cells? Cell surface area to volume ratio is the reason. Which has more surface area?

8. Specialized Cells in Animals Cells are designed for specific functions: Red Blood CellNerve CellSperm CellMuscle Cell A red blood cell has a large surface area and no nucleus A nerve cell is long and thin and conducts electrical impulses A sperm cell can propel themselves and carry only ½ the parent cell’s DNA A muscle cell contains more mitochondrial organelle than normal cells and can contract to produce movement

9. Tissues In groups of 2-3, without getting up or moving chairs, pick one person to write and jot down everything you know about tissues in the body.

10. Cells make Tissues Similar cells performing similar functions are organized into tissues Ex: Muscle Tissue is made from identical muscle cells

11. Tissue Tissue is a collection of cells. Tissue makes up body parts like muscle and organs Tissue is what we can see, as opposed to cells which require magnification

12. Tissues

13. Organs In groups of 2-3, without getting up or moving chairs, pick one person to write and jot down everything you know about organs in the body.

14. Organs Organs are made of different types of tissue. Organs have a specific function within the body. The heart functions as a pump within the body.

15. Human Skin

16. Organ systems In groups of 2-3, without getting up or moving chairs, pick one person to write and jot down everything you know about organ systems.

17. Organ Systems There are many organ systems in the body. An organ system may use more than one organ. An organ system regulates certain functions within the body.

18. Organ Systems (9) 1. Nervous system 2. Respiratory System 3. Reproductive System 4. Endocrine System 5. Excretory System 6. Skeletal Muscle System Which 3 are missing?