2. Protestant Reformation

3. Religion in Middle Ages Europe

4. Catholic Church in the 16 th Century Established hierarchy of clergy – in some ways, like a monarchy – priests took loyalty oaths to pope Church considered the mediating institution for individual salvation – importance of seven sacraments – mass conducted in Latin Church provided almost all education

6. Corruption in the Medieval Church Quiz results

7. Other Sources of Discontent with the Church Abuse of power by the popes – Using excommunication to force monarchs to obey their wishes – Fighting wars against rising European monarchs Being influenced by one monarch – Ex: French “Babylonian Captivity”

8. 13.3 worksheet: The Protestant Reformation

9. Martin Luther (gets fed up…) Question #3 As a Catholic monk, Luther closely studies the Bible. What did Luther come to believe about the Bible?

10. Question #4 List four examples as to why Northern Europe was ready for the Reformation.

11. Question #8 In what ways did Luther exhibit some of the ‘humanist’ beliefs of the Renaissance?

12. Question #10 What are three different reasons many Germans embraced Luther’s ideas?

13. The Protestant Reformation Spreads Reformers begin to rise in other countries – Huldrych Zwingli (Switzerland) – John Calvin (France) – Gustav Vasa (Sweden) – Frederick I (Denmark/northern Germany) – Henry VIII (England)

15. The Protestant Reformation

17. The Counter-Reformation Roman Catholic Church tries to clean up its act… The Council of Trent (1545 and 1563) to make reforms in Catholic Church – reaffirmed Catholic doctrines – Seminaries created for proper training of clergy – Rejects compromise with Protestants – Appointment of bishops for political purposes prohibited New orders emerge to support reforms and focus on local parishes, educating laity