2. Content One-Planet-Living One-Planet-Mobility strategies
Issue with car
Why use car
Time budget
Habitual decisions making
Moral decision making
The role of the road
Employee Presentation p 2

3. One-Planet-Living

4. Per capita ecological footprint of nations
NZ >> 5.8 gha pc
Available >> 1.9 gha pc
WWF, 2004
Living Planet Report
Employee Presentation p 4

5. One-Planet-Living Waste Energy Food Travel Hols
If everybody led the lifestyle of OECD countries, within current technological systems, we would need three to five planets to sustain us.
BioRegional, 2003
Employee Presentation p 5

6. One-Planet-Mobility

7. One-planet-living in London
Employee Presentation p 7

8. One-planet-mobility 1gha per capita of land to sustain travel habits
15% of total footprint
But 37% of households don’t have a car, and only 18% have more than one
Employee Presentation p 8

9. One-planet-mobility at BedZED
Hackbridge, LB Sutton
82 homes and work space
Private and social housing
Travel
BioRegional
Employee Presentation p 9

10. One-planet-mobility at BedZED
Homes & office alternative to commuting
HomeZone
ZEDcars alternative to private car
Monitored 65% reduction in car use at BedZED
BioRegional
Employee Presentation p 10

11. Issue with car

12. Issue with car - traffic
Employee Presentation p 12

13. Issue with car – land use
Employee Presentation p 13

14. Issue with car - suburbia
Employee Presentation p 14

15. Issue with car Use of non-renewables,
Greenhouse gases and other emissions,
Land use,
Eutrofication and acidification of ecosystems,
Noise,
Traffic jams,
Alienation of other forms of transport leading to restricted access to markets, employment and social facilities for disadvantaged groups,
Increasing obesity,
Road accidents
Changes to urban form (suburbanisation) that lead to social exclusion and criminality,
Impact of poor air quality on health
Employee Presentation p 15

16. Why use car

17. Why car - convenience
Employee Presentation p 17

18. Why car – social facilitator
Employee Presentation p 18

19. Why car – I am what I drive
Employee Presentation p 19

20. Time budget

21. Time budget
Average travel times for the journey-to-work in 23 industrialised cities (1990) (Zeibots M.E. 2003)
Employee Presentation p 21

22. Time budget
Typical daily tasks that make-up a daily routine (Zeibots M.E. 2003)
Employee Presentation p 22

23. Habitual decision making

24. Habitual decision making
Action
Perception
Prediction
Evaluation
Decision
Acting
Habitual behaviour
Impulsive behaviour
Intuitive or habitual behaviour follows a perception of need straight into a pre-decided action – there is no evaluation involved and no decision has to be taken.
Most travel decisions (commute, shopping trips) are habitual
Types of decisions making (Weggemans, 2004)
Employee Presentation p 24

25. Role of the road

26. Role of the road Roads – spaces for movements of cars
Car-orientated design can often encourage further car use and create ugly, anti-social spaces, which create barriers to pedestrians and cyclists
Employee Presentation p 26

27. Role of the road Roads – public community spaces
Movement corridors (people, cycles, cars)
Meeting places,
Children's playgrounds
Green spaces
Key contextual factor in changing travel habits
Employee Presentation p 27

28. Home Zone Design for multiple road uses – driving, walking, play
Aim – reduce car dependency, encourage community interaction, improve safety
Location - areas of social housing with high crime rates and antisocial behaviour
Employee Presentation p 28

29. Home Zone
Employee Presentation p 29

30. Embarcadero Expressway, San Francisco
This is part of the taking back our cities/taking back our waterfronts movement and results from a community resistance to viaducts.
SAN FRANSISCO succeeded in stopping the extension of the Embarcadero Expressway viaduct around the downtown that severed the city from its waterfront. The removal of the facility (expressway stub) in the early 1990’s reversed a controversial decision to put traffic movement ahead of city design.
Portland, Oregon was the first major city in the USA to remove an expressway that had been constructed to improve access to the city centre.
BOSTON has removed the Fitzgerald Expressway (Central Boston Artery) which sliced the city’s north end and waterfront from the downtown, replacing it with an underground highway that is part of a road, bridge and tunnel improvement scheme which allows a transformation of the way engineering is done.
The Cahill Expressway road and rail viaduct in the mid-50’s was described as a “master stroke of vandalism”, cold functionalism and crude engineering approach to complex planning problems (SMH ’64).
Employee Presentation p 30

31. Embarcadera - a new urban setting
Demolition has allowed the creation of a new urban setting and landscaped boulevard (by the ROMA Design Group) for the landmark Ferry Building. There is now a much better connection between the city and the waterfront, and a total transformation of the original hostile urban environment, with a much better use of the city. The key design elements are
Replaces the dominance of vehicular through movement with a major mid Embarcadera ceremonial and civic plaza paved in a broad-weave pattern of granite that extends the light and dark pattern of the Ferry Building arcade. 2 Millennium, lights on special occasions shoot beams of light 1,000ft up
Historic trolleys traverse the plaza on the Ferry Building side together with one-way traffic
On the city side the space is framed by a curving promenade with tiered edges
and a colonnade of Canary Island palms with a traffic stream inserted
The result is a series of connected plazas, parks and promenades along the waterfront extending inland into the downtown. This changes the spatial structure, functioning and quality of the area.
The Fery Building itself has been restored and adapted to house a farmer’s market and high quality food shops. The market supports sustainable agriculture and local farms in the metro periphery which are given expression in an urban gathering place. Expanded ferry services.
Employee Presentation p 31