1. Plant Biotechnology Plant Transgenesis
Willie Parriman

2. What is Plant transgenesis?
Plant transgenesis the transfer of genes to a plant directly.
This enables us to create different kinds of plants that we aren't able to produce with regular hybridization ways.

3. Methods Cloning Protoplast Fusion Leaf Fragment Technique Gene Guns
Chloroplast Engineering
Antisense Technology

4. Cloning
Many different types of plants can regenerate from a single cell
Plant cloning is a way easier process then animal cloning
This is a natural ability for a plant so it makes them ideal
Researchers can see the genetic modification in a very short time after a new plant matures fast.

5. Protoplast Fusion Callus-mass of cells will grow on an injured plant
Cell wall is dissolved with cellulase an enzyme leaving behind a protoplast which is fused to another species

6. Leaf Fragment Technique
Small disks are cut from a leaf
Cultured in genetically modified Agrobacter
Agrobacter-soil bacterium
Growth hormones added which are nurse cells

7. Gene gun A force of Helium drives the particles to acceleration
DNA coated particles are shot through the cell wall
Biolistic Process-A cross between biology and ballistics

8. Chloroplast Engineering
DNA in the chloroplast accepts many new introduced genes at one time
No chance that the genes will be blown off to other crops

9. Antisense Technology
Keeps plants such as tomato plants ripe up to weeks
Using Agrobacter researchers inactivated the process of decay and made it slow way down.

10. Benefits Vaccines for plants Genetically modified Pesticides
Stops virus
Genetically modified Pesticides
Defense against insects
Safe storage of food
avidin-a protein found in egg whites-from transgenic corn
Herbicide resistant crops
Resistant to glyphosate a common herbicide
Stronger fibers
Classic breeding-1.5%
Up to 60 % stronger
Enhanced Nutriton
Golden rice-contains beta carotene-body converts to vitamin A

11. Disadvantages Human Health Environmental concerns
People against genetically manipulating these plants
Could kill of insects or animals that eat the plants such as butterflies from corn
“Super weeds”

12. conclusion
Definition
Methods
Benefits
Disadvantages

13. Questions
Concerning human health do you think we have to worry about the genetic manipulation of food?
-ex. Soybean contained genes from the brazil nut that people have allergic reaction to
Even though this technology can cut back on the use of chemicals on crops do you think it will cause problems for the environment?
-ex. “super weeds” could breed from different crossing of genes

14. Bibliography
Introduction to biotechnology. Thieman J., William and Palladino A., Michael. /