2. Why do we care?

3. Pathology

4. PLAGUE CURES HOW THEY WORK WHAT THEY REALLY DID Carry flowers or wear a strong perfume The smells would help to ward away the disease Nothing Coat the victims with mercury and place them in oven. Combination of mercury and heat would kill disease. Mercury is poisonous and the oven caused serious burns. Give a strong dose of laxatives Disease is defecated out Strong doses of laxatives can cause death from dehydration. Pathology

5. Pathology

6. Escherichia coli Pathology

10. Genetic Recombination Transformation Bacterium absorbs DNA from environment Bacterium absorbs DNA from environment Plasmid with ampicillin resistance

11. Genetic Recombination Conjugation Pilus extends between cells Pilus extends between cells Copy of a plasmid is donated Copy of a plasmid is donated Plasmid with ampicillin resistance

12. Genetic Recombination Transduction Virus carries host DNA to next host Virus carries host DNA to next host Gene with ampicillin resistance

13. Oxygen Tolerance Obligate Anaerobes Facultative Anaerobes Obligate Aerobes

14. Bacterial Size

15. Bacterial Morphology

16. CoccusDiplococcusStreptococcusStaphylococcus

17. Outer Coverings Cell Membrane Wall (peptidoglycan) Gram + Gram + Simple, thick wallSimple, thick wall Gram - Gram - Thin wallThin wall Outer membraneOuter membraneCapsule Adheres cell to food Adheres cell to food Disguises against host immune system Disguises against host immune system

18. +-

19. A B C D I H G F E

20. DNA, ribosomes, and some cytoplasm encased Bacterial defense against temperature, pH, chemicals, and aridity

21. When Bacteria Attack Invasion Cells consume host tissues Cells consume host tissues Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus mutans Cells live on surface of teethCells live on surface of teeth Exposure to sugar enables production of…Exposure to sugar enables production of… PlaquePlaque AcidAcid

22. When Bacteria Attack Exotoxins Poisons released to weaken host Poisons released to weaken host Clostridium botulinum Clostridium botulinum Clostridium tetani Clostridium tetani Vibrio cholerae Vibrio cholerae

23. When Bacteria Attack Endotoxins Poisons located in outer membrane Poisons located in outer membrane Escherichia coli, Salmonella Escherichia coli, Salmonella