1. Lesson 1: Electricity 1 Thomas Edison 1847-1931

2. Lesson Objectives I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together.

3. Question: Why does a balloon, when rubbed, stick to a wall or ceiling? I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

4. I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

5. Other tricks: 1.Bending water 2.Attracting paper 3.Van de Graff I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

6. Static Electricity Can build up in our bodies, on us on a dry winters day. We can then feel/see a spark I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

7. Brainiac 38:44 – 44:00

8. Recap - Draw the structure of the atom I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords: What are the charges on the sub-atomic particles? Protons have positive charge (+) Neutrons have NO charge Electrons have a negative charge (-)

9. Recap – How are IONS formed? I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords: Negative IONS – gain an electron (gain a negative charge) Positive IONS – lose an electron (lose a negative charge)

10. Friction This causes electrons to move. Try: Polythene Perspex Glass I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

11. Rub Polythene with dry cloth Electrons move TO the rod so it becomes negatively charged. Rub Perspex with a dry cloth Electrons move FROM to rod so it becomes positively charged. Rub Glass with a dry cloth Electrons move FROM to rod so it becomes positively charged. I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

12. Attract or repel Which attract and which repel? I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords: PolythenePerspexGlass Polythene Perspex Glass RepelAttract Repel AttractRepel NegativePositive Negative Positive

13. Charges on the move. Electricity can flow in wires. The rate of flow of electrons is called current. I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

14. Conductors Metals are good at conducting electricity because they have free (delocalised) electrons. I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

15. Why is it safer to stay inside a car in a thunder storm? I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

16. Charging a Conductor Lightening is looking for the quickest route to the ground. Some objects have a wire which enables the current to flow to earth quickly – the object is said to be earthed. I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

17. Franklin – Kite Flying Myth

18. How does it work? I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords: Electrons are transferred to the belt (becomes negatively charged) Electrons are transferred to the dome (becomes negatively charged) The charge builds up – we say the dome is has more potential energy (more potential difference – voltage)

19. Uses of electrostatics (p164/5) Research the following uses/dangers: Electrostatic paint sprayer Photocopier Tanker problems Antistatic floors I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together. Keywords:

20. Van de Graff generators A charge builds up on the dome due to electrons being “______ off” by the belt. If a big enough ______ is built up then the voltage becomes high enough to _____ the air molecules and the electrons “___” down to Earth – this is an electric _________. Words – charge, jump, current, rubbed, ionise

21. Use of static 1 - Photocopiers Photocopiers use static electricity. They work by: 1) Copying an ______ of the page onto a ______ plate, 2) Light then causes the charge to ____ away, leaving an “electrostatic impression” of the page, 3) The charges left on the plate ______ small drops of black powder, 4) The powder is transferred from the plate onto the _____, 5) The paper is _____ to “fix” the powder. Words – heated, leak, paper, image, charged, attract

22. Use of static 2 - Printers Inkjet printers work by spraying charged drops of ink onto a page. The droplets can be directed using two oppositely charged plates. The voltage on these plates can be easily swapped or varied. The inkjet cartridge can also moved across the page by the printer

23. Dangers of static During refuelling the fuel gains electrons from the pipe, making the pipe positive and the fuel negative. The resulting voltage may cause a spark – bad news! Solution: Either earth the fuel tank with a copper rod or connect the tanker to the plane by a copper conductor.

24. Electrolysis Electrolysis is used to extract a HIGHLY REACTIVE metal. = chloride ion = copper ion When we electrolysed copper chloride the negative chloride ions moved to the positive electrode and the positive copper ions moved to the negative electrode – OPPOSITES ATTRACT!!!

25. Some example questions 1)A current of 2A flows through some copper chloride for 1 minute and 0.01g of copper is deposited at the negative electrode. a) How much would be deposited if the current was increased to 6A? b) How much would be deposited if the current was kept at 6A and the experiment was left for another minute? c) How much charge flowed in question (b) above? 2) A current of 0.05A flows through some copper chloride for 500 seconds and 0.05g of chlorine is released at the positive electrode. a) How much would be deposited if the current was increased to 0.1A? b) How much would be deposited if the current was kept at 0.1A and the experiment was left for 250 seconds instead? c) How much charge flowed in question (b) above?

26. Are you now able to…. I still feel unsure. I need some more help to understand. I feel ok. I need to do some more work to check my understanding. I am happy and feel I understand and can explain the main points. I know what happens when materials are rubbed together. T know what us transferred when objects become charged. I know what happens when charged items are brought together.