1. Tips for Writing Research Papers

2. Evaluating Websites

3. Why Evaluate Websites? Anyone can publish on the Web Anyone can publish on the Web Many resources are not verified Many resources are not verified No editors No editors Web often used to give a point of view Web often used to give a point of view Market orientated Market orientated Mix of entertainment, information and advertising Mix of entertainment, information and advertising

4. Evaluate Websites Using the CRAAP test Currency Relevance Authority Accuracy Purpose

5. Currency The timeliness of the information. Is the information up-to-date? Is the information up-to-date? Is the date of publication available? Is the date of publication available? Is there sufficient information on the topic? Is there sufficient information on the topic? Are there broken links on the page? Are there broken links on the page?

6. Relevance The importance of the information for your needs Does the information relate to your topic or answer your question? Does the information relate to your topic or answer your question? Who is the intended audience? Who is the intended audience? Is the information at an appropriate level (i.e. not too elementary or advanced for your needs)? Is the information at an appropriate level (i.e. not too elementary or advanced for your needs)? Have you looked at a variety of sources before determining this is one you will use? Have you looked at a variety of sources before determining this is one you will use? Would you be comfortable using this source for a research paper? Would you be comfortable using this source for a research paper?

7. Authority The source of the information. What are the author’s qualifications for writing this web page? What are the author’s qualifications for writing this web page? Are the author’s name and credentials listed on the website? Are the author’s name and credentials listed on the website? Is there contact information on the site? Is there contact information on the site? Does the URL reveal anything about the author or source? examples:.com.edu.gov.org.net Does the URL reveal anything about the author or source? examples:.com.edu.gov.org.net

8. Accuracy The reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the content Can it be verified in an encyclopedia? Can it be verified in an encyclopedia? Is it relevant to your topic? Is it relevant to your topic? Does the author indicate where he found the information? Does the author indicate where he found the information? Is the information free of spelling and grammatical errors? Is the information free of spelling and grammatical errors?

9. Purpose The reason the information exists What is the purpose of the information? to inform? teach? sell? entertain? persuade? What is the purpose of the information? to inform? teach? sell? entertain? persuade? Do the authors/sponsors make their intentions or purpose clear? Do the authors/sponsors make their intentions or purpose clear? Is the information fact? opinion? Is the information fact? opinion? Does the point of view appear objective and impartial? Does the point of view appear objective and impartial? Are there political, cultural, religious, institutional, or personal biases? Are there political, cultural, religious, institutional, or personal biases?

10. Destiny http://destiny.bulloch.k12.ga.us http://destiny.bulloch.k12.ga.us WJMS online catalog allows you to look for books related to your topic and will give you reliable websites

11. Galileo www.galileo.usg.edu www.galileo.usg.edu  State funded list of reliable databases  Password this quarter is rowdy  Select the Teens tab for searches

12. Avoiding Plagiarism

13. Plagiarism the act of passing off as one's own the ideas or writings of another

14. Examples of Plagiarism Copying and pasting text from online encyclopedias or any web site Copying and pasting text from online encyclopedias or any web site Copying another student’s test or homework Copying another student’s test or homework Using photographs, video or audio without permission or acknowledgement Using photographs, video or audio without permission or acknowledgement Using another student’s or your parents’ work and claiming it as your own even with permission Using another student’s or your parents’ work and claiming it as your own even with permission Getting a research paper, story, poem, or article off the Internet Getting a research paper, story, poem, or article off the Internet Failing to put a quote in quotation marks Failing to put a quote in quotation marks

15. It’s okay if I don’t get caught! I was too busy to write that paper! (getting my hair done, big game, too much homework!) My teachers expect too much! I’ve got to get into ??? U.! My parents expect “A”s! This assignment was BORING! Everyone does it! Excuses

16. Why is this important? Your architect cheated his way through design class? Will your new home be safe? Your architect cheated his way through design class? Will your new home be safe? Your doctor cheated his way through surgical techniques class? Would he remove your appendix or spleen? Your doctor cheated his way through surgical techniques class? Would he remove your appendix or spleen? Your check out clerk cheated in math class? Will he give you the right change from your purchase? Your check out clerk cheated in math class? Will he give you the right change from your purchase? What if:

17. How to Avoid Plagiarism If you have paraphrased someone’s work, (summarizing a passage in your own words)- always give credit If you have paraphrased someone’s work, (summarizing a passage in your own words)- always give credit Take very good notes--write down the source as you are taking notes. Do not wait until later to try and retrieve the original source Take very good notes--write down the source as you are taking notes. Do not wait until later to try and retrieve the original source Avoid using someone else’s work with minor “cosmetic” changes Avoid using someone else’s work with minor “cosmetic” changes

18. Know How to Paraphrase Paraphrasing means putting an idea into your own words. Paraphrasing means putting an idea into your own words. Don’t just rearrange the sentences or replace a few words. Don’t just rearrange the sentences or replace a few words. Be able to summarize the original source without having it in front of you. Be able to summarize the original source without having it in front of you.

19. Is This Plagiarism? Original Text Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final research paper. Paraphrased Text Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many quotes in the final research paper.

20. Correct Way to Paraphrase Original Text Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final research paper. Correct Paraphrasing Students should take just a few notes as direct quotations from sources to help cut down the amount of quotes in a research paper.

21. Original Passage At the start of the Great Depression, many Americans wanted to believe that the hard times would be only temporary. Paraphrased Text At the beginning of the Great Depression, a lot of Americans wanted to think that the hard times would be only temporary.

22. Original Passage At the start of the Great Depression, many Americans wanted to believe that the hard times would be only temporary. Correct Paraphrasing The American people were hopeful the difficult times felt at the beginning of the Great Depression would not last.

23. Original Passage He was a very silent man by custom. Paraphrased Text He was usually a quiet person.

24. Paraphrase the Sentences The adolescent maneuvered the bi- wheeled vehicle undamaged. In the metropolis the recreational area was dilapidated. The educator removed the unruly student from the environment.

25. Online Practice http://www.laflemm.com/RfT/Pra ctice/RfTPracticeParaphrasing.html http://www.laflemm.com/RfT/Pra ctice/RfTPracticeParaphrasing.html http://www.laflemm.com/RfT/Pra ctice/RfTPracticeParaphrasing.html http://www.laflemm.com/RfT/Pra ctice/RfTPracticeParaphrasing.html http://www.laflemm.com/dynamic /online_practice.php?practice_id=7 http://www.laflemm.com/dynamic /online_practice.php?practice_id=7 http://www.laflemm.com/dynamic /online_practice.php?practice_id=7 http://www.laflemm.com/dynamic /online_practice.php?practice_id=7

26. Citations Make sure you keep track of websites you visit so you will be able to complete your bibliography Make sure you keep track of websites you visit so you will be able to complete your bibliography If you use information from a site without giving proper credit to the author, you are plagiarizing If you use information from a site without giving proper credit to the author, you are plagiarizing

27. What is a “Works Cited” Page? A “Works Cited” page is the name that MLA gives to a bibliography. It is a listing of all of the sources you cited in the body of your paper.

28. Works Cited Page It should be the last page of your project. You should type the words “Works Cited” and center it on the page. Each entry reads like one long sentence. The second and subsequent lines are always indented five spaces. The sources are listed alphabetically by the first word or name of the entry. This first word or name should be what you use in your parenthetical citation.

29. Example

30. What is Parenthetical Citation? Parenthetical citation is when a writer directly puts into the text a note from where he or she got the information. Parenthetical or “in-text” citation allows your reader to know from what source each idea/fact came.

31. Examples “In 2007, 37 percent of American adults sought medical information from the internet regarding a health problem they were experiencing before consulting a doctor” (Smith 38). Direct Quote In-Text Citation: Indirect Quote In-Text Citation: Instead of going to a doctor right away, a recent study found that 37 percent of Americans are now turning to the internet for medical information (Smith 38).

32. Online Bibliography Generator www.bibme.org