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Lipids Ch 11, Stryer Short Course. Lipids and Membranes There is a lot of important biochemistry of lipids. We won’t cover it all! The key points for.

Published byJoanna Nicholson Modified over 9 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Lipids Ch 11, Stryer Short Course. Lipids and Membranes There is a lot of important biochemistry of lipids. We won’t cover it all! The key points for."— Presentation transcript:

1 Lipids Ch 11, Stryer Short Course

2 Lipids and Membranes There is a lot of important biochemistry of lipids. We won’t cover it all! The key points for this class have to do with their role in membranes and fat metabolism – Fatty Acids – Triacylglyerides – Membrane components: phospholipids, glycolipids, steroids

3 Diversity

4 Fatty Acids Saturated Unsaturated Polyunsaturated Cis and trans

5 Nomenclature Counting from last carbon (omega carbon) Linoleate – 18:2 n-6 – 18:2  9,12

6 Fatty Acid Melting Points Melting point is higher with tight packing (vdW) Effect of chaing length Effect of cis double bonds

7 Essential Fatty acids Building blocks of key hormones W-3 and w-6 are essential Nutrition: correlation vs. cause

8 Triacylglyderides Complex lipid: Esterification and hydrolysis Energy source – Highly reduced (9C/g vs 4C/g for glycogen) – Hydrophobic: 6x more energy per gram Stored in adipose tissue – lipases

9 Membrane components Polar head, nonpolar tail Three types – Phospholipids – Glycolipids – Steroids

10 Phospholipids Phosphoglycerides (aka glycerophospholipids) Sphingolipids

11 Phosphoglycerides Phosphatidal group: DAG, phosphate

12 Different Polar Head Groups

13 Sphingolipids Sphingosine backbond Same overall structure—two nonpolar tails Major function in myelin

14 Glycolipids Sugars added to sphingosine backbone Only on outside of cell membrane: recognition elements Single sugar: cerebroside Multiple sugars: ganglioside

15 Steroids Based on ring system Cholesterol – Polar head, nonpolar tail – Highly rigid – Controls fluidity of membrane Precursor to many steroidal hormones

16 Plants Plants are a “no cholesterol” food Still require a molecule to serve same role Similar structure – Structure/function relationship

17 Introduction to Membranes Lipid structure makes a bilayer Fluidity of membrane: liquid crystal Fluidity controlled by cholesterol, tail packing

18 Extremophiles Archea: branched tails, ether linkages – Increased range of temperature – Stable to hydrolysis – Stable to oxidation

19 Introduction to Membrane Proteins Reversible Anchoring directs proteins to membrane Patholgy – Cancer – Hutchinson- Guilford Progeria syndrome

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