1. This first written constitution of the United States, which was created in 1777 and ratified in 1781, protected states’ rights more than strengthened the federal government: The Articles of Confederation

2. This rebellion of farmers in Massachusetts against the state government, thereby showing the need for a new constitution: Shay’s Rebellion

3. This is known as the supreme law of the land: The U.S. Constitution

4. What term refers to the division of power between the national and state government? Federalism

5. This refers to the power that each branch of the federal government holds to restrain the power of the other two branches: Checks and Balances

6. The elastic clause, the amendment process and judicial review all permit this which helps the Constitution to change with time: Flexibility

7. This is a form of government which elects representatives to be their voice in government Republic

8. These were written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison to convince people to support the Constitution: The Federalist Papers

9. These type of powers include the power to declare war, coin money, raise and support an army and a navy and regulate trade: Delegated

10. These powers, specifically for states, include conducting elections, licensing teachers, establishing schools, and regulating marriages and divorces: Reserved

11. These are shared powers between the state and federal government and they include collecting taxes, building roads, protecting safety and people, borrow- ing money and enforcing laws: Concurrent

12. This part of the Constitution establishes the goals of the document: The Preamble

13. According to Article I, this is the present number of senators serving the 50 states: 100

14. This is the number of Representatives currently serving in the House: 435

15. Since Congress is divided into two houses, the House and the Senate, it is known as this kind of legislature: Bicameral

16. The main function of the Legislative Branch is to ______ laws make

17. If a bill is passed by Congress but the President disapproves of it, he may _______ the legislation veto

18. If a bill is passed by Congress but the President disapproves of it, he may _______ the legislation enforce

19. The head of the executive branch is the ________________ President

20. The judicial branch is responsible for _______________ the law interpreting

21. Things that the President can do that are not specifically listed in the Constitution but have become traditions (appointing the cabinet, heading the political party) are known as the: Unwritten Constitution

22. In a presidential election candidates are elected by this rather than by the popular vote: Electoral College

23. The 1803 U.S. Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison established this which gave them the power to declare a law constitutional or unconstitutional judicial review

24. The changes which adjusted the Constitution over the years are known as: amendments

25. The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as the: Bill of Rights

26. The Constitutional Convention was held in this city: Philadelphia

27. The compromise which combined the Virginia Plan with the New Jersey Plan over the debate of equal representation became known as the: Great Compromise

28. The Compromise which combined the southern interests of having every person in their states counted against northern interests of having no slaves counted became known as the: 3/5 Compromise

29. Article I of the Constitution describes this branch of government: Legislative

30. Article II of the Constitution describes this branch of government: Executive

31. Article III of the Constitution describes this branch of government: Judicial

32. This 1803 landmark U.S. Supreme Court Case established the principle of judicial review: Marbury v. Madison

33. "We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;..." This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were from __________________ ideas. Enlightenment

34. Which branch of government is most responsive to voters? (be specific) House of Representatives

35. Under Chief Justice John Marshall the United States Supreme Court through several decisions expanded the power of the ______________ Government Federal

36. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” This quote reflects the thinking of what famous Enlightenment philosopher? John Locke

37. This political group (which included Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry) was primarily opposed to the passing of the U.S. Constitution because it threatened to take power away from state government: Anti-Federalists

38. The process of influencing legislation on behalf of special interest groups is known as: lobbying

39. This document is best described as a statement of democratic principles rather than a framework for government? Declaration of Independence

40. Since the colonial experiences under Great Britain had created a fear of unlimited government this original document was created to guarantee a decentralized government: Articles of Confederation

41. When citizens directly participate in their own government it is known as this form of government: Democracy

42. Through which part of government is the is the voice of the people most frequently heard? House of Representatives

43. Under Chief Justice John Marshall and the U.S. Supreme Court, this power noticeably expanded: Federal

44. Contrary to a strict interpretation of the Constitution, Thomas Jefferson made this huge land grab which doubled the size of the US: Louisiana Purchase

45. These acts were passed by federalists, under President Adams, to reduce foreign influence and increase their power: Alien and Sedition Acts

46. This group opposed a strong federal government, wanted power to be held by the states and was supported by Thomas Jefferson & Patrick Henry Anti-federalist

47. He gained fame as an author to the Federalist Papers, the secretary of Treasury under Washington and creating a national bank: Alexander Hamilton

48. The group of people appointed by the president that serve as his advisory board: The cabinet

49. The second president of the United States who oversaw the XYZ affair and the Alien and Sedition Acts: John Adams

50. Also known as the necessary and proper clause, it gives Congress the right to pass legislation it deems necessary to carry out its powers: Elastic Clause

51. Author of the Declaration of Independence and 3 rd president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson

52. Enlightenment idea, created by Baron de Montesquieu, that kept concentrated power out of the hands of one person or group Separation of Powers

53. Other junk on the test Know the following: Delegated powers Unwritten Constitution Reserved powers Amendments Concurrent powers Enlightenment Flexibility John Locke Republic bicameral