1. Unit 2 – System Development

2. Systemic Crisis Define the system – the Pattern of interactions A Crisis is an episode of transition A B Systemic Change is infrequent, alterations more so

3. Episodes of System Transformation 476 – Fall of Rome

4. Episodes of System Transformation 476 – Fall of Rome 800 – Charlemagne Crowned “Emperor of the Romans” –Onset of middle ages and beginning of state consolidation –Feudalism as a state model –Ideology of Universal Christian Empire

5. Episodes of System Transformation 476 – Fall of Rome 800 – Charlemagne 1350 – Rise of Italian City states –Renaissance Period –Intense competition between states for power

6. Episodes of System Transformation 476 – Fall of Rome 800 – Charlemagne 1350 – Rise of Italian City states 1517 – 1550 – Reformation begins –End of Universal Christian Empire ideology –Wars of Spanish Succession –Rise of Dutch Power

7. Episodes of System Transformation 476 – Fall of Rome 800 – Charlemagne 1350 – Rise of Italian City states 1517 – 1550 – Reformation 1618 – 1648 – Thirty Years war ends Spanish bid for Dominance –Treaty of Westphalia –Sovereignty established as the system norm

8. Episodes of System Transformation 476 – Fall of Rome 800 – Charlemagne 1350 – Rise of Italian City states 1517 – 1550 – Reformation 1618 – 1648 – Thirty Years war 1815 – defeat of Napoleon ends French bid for dominance –England established as dominant power –Concert of Europe maintains multipolarity

9. Episodes of System Transformation 1914-1918 – WW1 and Russian Revolution destroys Concert of Europe –Decline of multi-polar system –Great depression –Economic and political competition leads to WW2

10. Episodes of System Transformation 1914-1918 – WW1 1947 – WW2, Cold War –Bipolar system of antagonism –International Institutions UN World Bank IMF

11. Episodes of System Transformation 1914-1918 – WW1 1947 – WW2, Cold War 1989 – 1991 – End of Cold War –Unilateral US dominance –Local conflicts unleashed, new instability

12. Episodes of System Transformation 1914-1918 – WW1 1947 – WW2, Cold War 1989 – 1991 – End of Cold War 2001? - War on Terror –Is it a systemic change, or more of the same?