2. The purpose of this project is to determine what factors are affecting teen academic achievements and if these effects are negative or positive. Is the university enrolment increasing or decreasing? Does drug and alcohol use affect grades? Is drug and alcohol use increasing? Does gender make a difference? And finally, does a person’s social status affect their academic achievements? By studying graphs and comparing the sets of data we will be able to answer these questions.

3.  Alcohol ◦ A colorless volatile flammable liquid, C 2 H 5 OH, widely used as a solvent and in drugs, cleaning solutions, explosives, and intoxicating beverages.  Drug ◦ A substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease or as a component of a medication. ◦ A chemical substance, such as a narcotic or hallucinogen, that affects the central nervous system, causing changes in behaviour and often addiction.  Socioeconomic Status ◦ a total measure of an individual's or family’s economic and social position relative to others, based on income, education, and occupation.  Gender ◦ The condition of being female or male; sex.  Academic Achievement ◦ Something accomplished successfully pertaining to a college, academy, school, or other educational institution

5. My hypothesis is that there will be an increase in student enrolment to university because of the increasing importance of a university diploma. Now more than ever, the education and qualifications for high paying jobs have increased greatly and it is almost mandatory for someone to have a degree to even be considered for such job.

6.  Mean: 916,208  Median: 850,518  Mode: None University Enrolments Male and Female 1995/1996846,408 1996/1997829,767 1997/1998822,774 1998/1999826,362 1999/2000847,503 2000/2001850,581 2001/2002936,390 2002/2003993,768 2003/20041,019,775 2004/20051,047,690 2005/20061,057,272

7.  Min: 822,774  Q₁: 829,767  Med: 850,581  Q₃: 1,019775  Max: 1,057,272 The Q₂ (median) is very far to the left, indicating that the increase began slowly and gradually, then it has been increasing very rapidly.

8. Z- Score = 1.47 Sx = 96181.68

9. My Hypothesis was... CORRECT! The positively-sloped graphs and tables showed that there was an increase in University enrolment for males and females from the years 1995 to 2006. The box and whisker plot showed the Q₂ (median) very far to the left, indicating how the increase began slowly and gradually, then it has been increasing very rapidly.

11. I predict that as the drug use increases, there will be a direct, positive correlation between the academic achievement and that it will decrease. I believe this because of the negative effects that drugs have on the brain such as memory loss, confusion and permanent overall damage. It is logical to assume that academic performance will decrease when the brain is intoxicated.

12. 1977282 1980300 1983219 1986221 1989247 1992205 1995211 1998233 2001286 2004243 2007302 Year Total use per 100,000 Rate Per 100,000 Population (# of people) Mean: 250 Median: 205 Mode: None

13. Rate Per 100,000 Population (# of people) 1995/1996846,408 1996/1997829,767 1997/1998822,774 1998/1999826,362 1999/2000847,503 2000/2001850,581 2001/2002936,390 2002/2003993,768 2003/20041,019,775 2004/20051,047,690 2005/20061,057,272 1977282 1980300 1983219 1986221 1989247 1992205 1995211 1998233 2001286 2004243 2007302 Increase Decrease

14. Min: 205 Q₁: 219 Med: 243 Q₃: 286 Max: 302 The Q₂ (median) is further to the left, indicating that the increase began gradually, then it has been increasing more rapidly.

15. Z-Score = 1.43 Sx = 36.36

16. My Hypothesis was... PARTIALLY CORRECT! The graphs and tables showed that there was a very weak connection between the rise in University enrolment and drug use. There were only a few instances where the enrolment went down at the same time as the rise in drug use. Unfortunately, similar to the positively-sloped enrolment rates, drug use is at its all-time high. By looking at the box and whisker plot, the median is once again very far left indicating that drug use has been increasing at a faster rate.

18. I predict that females will have higher academic achievements than males. I believe this because studies have shown that girls (generally) study for longer, more productive periods of time, as well as increased levels of retaining new information. Also, generally speaking, I think that more boys are involved in sports which may cause them to divide their attention away from achieving higher grades in school.

19. Mean: 385, 750 Median: 362, 271 Mode: None Years Male Students Female Students 1995/1996371,070475,341 1996/1997363,789465,978 1997/1998358,416464,358 1998/1999357,480468,879 1999/2000363,849483,552 2000/2001362,271488,151 2001/2002376,884509,586 2002/2003397,167536,640 2003/2004419,463573,531 2004/2005430,449586,908 2005/2006442,419604,920 University Enrolment (# of Students) Males vs. Females Mean: 514,349 Median: 488,151 Mode: None

20. Although both sets of data are very similar, looking closely you can see that the male outliers are slightly further away and the female median is closer to the middle. This means that the male data is spread out more whereas the female data is closer together, around the mean. Also, the male data starts off with a slower increase than females and they are now increasing much faster.

21. Sx = 31352.74 Sx = 52490.75 Z-Score = 1.81 Z-Score = 1.73

22. My Hypothesis was... CORRECT! The graphs and tables showed that there were a greater number of females enrolling into university than males, proving that females are achieving higher in academics. Although this does not necessarily mean female’s grades are higher, it is suggested that with higher enrolments into university one can presume that their grades are higher.

24. I predict that the average Canadian income will have a very minuscule effect on the academic achievements of teenagers. It is possible that people who make more money are able to buy more and better school supplies than those who have less money. However, supplies or not, the grades of the student are much more dependent on their own knowledge, attitude, and work habits.

25. Years Average earnings, ($) 1995/199631,300 1996/199731,250 1997/199831,800 1998/199932,900 1999/200033,500 2000/200134,400 2001/200234,450 2002/200334,600 2003/200434,150 2004/200534,400 2005/200635,000 2006/200735,300 Mean: 33587.5 Median: 34400 Mode: 34400

26. 1995/1996846,408 1996/1997829,767 1997/1998822,774 1998/1999826,362 1999/2000847,503 2000/2001850,581 2001/2002936,390 2002/2003993,768 2003/20041,019,775 2004/20051,047,690 2005/20061,057,272 1995/199631,300 1996/199731,250 1997/199831,800 1998/199932,900 1999/200033,500 2000/200134,400 2001/200234,450 2002/200334,600 2003/200434,150 2004/200534,400 2005/200635,000 2006/200735,300 Increase Decrease

27. Min: 3500 Q₁: 31550 Med: 33825 Q₃: 34425 Max: 35300 The Q₂ (median) is very far to the right, indicating that the increase began very rapidly, then it has been slowly and gradually increasing.

28. Sx = 8755.68 Z-Score =.20

29. My Hypothesis was... INCORRECT! The graphs and tables showed that the rise and falls in Canadian income and in university enrolment do not correlate with one another and they are actually unrelated to each other. Also, the bow and whisker plots for each set of data are almost completely opposite to one another – one rising slow at first then faster, the other progressing quickly and later on slowing down.

30.  I was NOT surprised that there was an INCREASE in University enrolment.  I WAS surprised with the LACK OF correlation between drug and education as well as average income and education.  I was NOT surprised with the INCREASE in drug use as well as the INCREASED academic achievement in girls compared to boys.

31.  http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2009002/article/10847/c-g/c- g2-eng.gif http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2009002/article/10847/c-g/c- g2-eng.gif  http://estat.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-win/cnsmcgi.pgm http://estat.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-win/cnsmcgi.pgm  http://estat.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-win/CNSMCGI.EXE http://estat.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-win/CNSMCGI.EXE  http://dictionary.reference.com/?o=100074 http://dictionary.reference.com/?o=100074  http://www.google.ca http://www.google.ca