1. Plants Groups Bio 1400

2. Major groups of “plants” zBlue-green bacteria zAlgae zFungi zMosses zFerns and allies zGymnosperms zAngiosperms

3. Major groups of “plants” zBlue-green bacteria zAlgae zFungi zMosses zFerns and allies zGymnosperms zAngiosperms

4. Major Evolutionary Advances Flowers - 140 mya 5,000 mya 4,000 mya 3,000 mya 2,000 mya 1,000 mya Earth Forms Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells Multicellular Plants Vascular tissue Seeds Flowers Life - 3,800 mya Prokaryotic cell/autotrophic Eukaryotic cell - 1,400 mya Multicellar plants - 1,000 mya Vascular tissue - 430 mya Needed on land - why? Seeds - 350 mya Place on the time scale, the following events: 1. Earth formation 2. Prokaryotes 3. Eukaryotes 4. Multicellular life 5. Vascular tissue 6. Seeds 7. Flowers

5. Generalized Angiosperm Life Cycle FERTILIZATION zygote (2N) SPOROPHYTE 2N Specialized diploid reproductive cells (spore mother cells) MEIOSIS megaspores megagametophyte N sperm cell division & growth cell division & growth diploid generation haploid generation embryo (2N) Specialized flower Microspore mother cells in anther Megaspore mother cells in anther microspores microgametophyte N egg

6. Generalized Plant Life Cycle FERTILIZATION zygote (2N) SPOROPHYTE 2N spore mother cells MEIOSIS spore GAMETOPHYTE N diploid generation haploid generation antheridium archegonium sperm egg

7. Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant

8. 1. What do the terms haploid and diploid refer to? A.Cell number B.Eye number C.Number of chromosomes D.Number of chromosome sets E.Number of nuclei

9. 2. A life cycle illustrates the reproductive stages for an organism. What process causes the haploid stage to become diploid? A.meiosis B.mitosis C.fertilization D.sterilization E.germination

10. 3. What process causes the diploid stage to become haploid? A.meiosis B.mitosis C.fertilization D.sterilization E.germination