2. NOTES BONDING

3. Do Now ◦ Element: simplest form of matter ◦ Compounds: when 2 or more elements chemically combine

4. What is a chemical bond? ◦ Define: A force that holds elements/atoms together. ◦ How does it form? When elements bond through sharing/transferring electrons, they form compounds.

5. There are 3 types of bonds: ◦ 1. Ionic ◦ 2. Covalent ◦ 3. Metallic ◦ We will discuss the first 2 types in class.

6. IonicCovalent Definition: - Attraction between oppositely charged ions (electrons are transferred). Definition: - A bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons.

7. IonicCovalent Formed with? -Active metal/nonmetal -IMN Formed with? -nonmetal/nonmetal -CNN

8. IonicCovalent Na Cl Na + Cl - NaCl H H H 2 METAL NON METAL

9. IonicCovalent IMN Ionic Metal to Nonmetal CNN Covalent Nonmetal to Nonmetal

10. Is it Ionic or Covalent Bonding? ◦ CH4  covalent C = nonmetal H = nonmetal

11. Is it Ionic or Covalent Bonding? ◦ H2O  covalent O = nonmetal H = nonmetal

12. Is it Ionic or Covalent Bonding? ◦ O3  covalent O = nonmetal

13. Is it Ionic or Covalent Bonding? ◦ KCl  ionic K = metal Cl = nonmetal

14. Is it Ionic or Covalent Bonding? ◦O3◦O3  covalent O = nonmetal

15. Why does bonding occur? ◦ Every element on the periodic table wants to be stable or ‘happy’

16. Why does bonding occur? ◦ Having 8 electrons in the outer energy level makes it stable.

17. Why does bonding occur? ◦ Elements with 8 valence electrons are ‘happy’/stable and don’t react with other elements.

18. Why does bonding occur? ◦ Noble Gases are chemically stable..

19. Why does bonding occur? ◦ Exceptions to the rule are:  Hydrogen only needs 2 valence electrons  Helium only needs 2 valence electrons