3. Mongols Genghis Khan conquered the other tribes Expanded his Empire until he died in 1227 Successors continued to expand Power struggles after his son Ogedei died cause empire to split apart - Different descendents all claimed legitimacy - Four separate “Khanates” - Really four separate Empires

6. Adaptation of Culture Mongols had very little history of scholarship or “high culture” - No art - No literature - No scientific knowledge Adopted the cultures of their subject peoples - IlKhanate converted to Islam - Great Khanate imitated Song Culture

7. Yuan Dynasty Formed by Kublai Khan and was also termed the “Empire of the Great Khan” - Proclaimed after he conquered the Song Kublai Khan claimed the mandate of heaven Genghis Khan entered retroactively as the founder (called Taizu)

8. Yuan Dynasty Used Chinese style bureaucracy and built a palace Much technology and scholarship from the Tang and Song Continued to develop European traveler Marco Polo wrote about his visit Other Mongols came to see the Yuan as too Chinese Political intrigue weakened government Driven out by rebellions