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Biology Discussion Notes
Tuesday 11/18/2014
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Goals for the Day Learn the basic functions of Eukaryotic cell organelles Be able to separate organelles as belonging to plant cells, animal cells, or both. Be able to separate organelles as belonging to Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
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Question of the Day What are 5 cell parts that ALL cells contain?
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Common Features of Cells
ALL Cells (Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes) share common structural features, including: Cell membrane-an outer boundary of the cell Cytoplasm-interior substance of the cell Cytoskeleton-structural support for the cell DNA –form of genetic material Ribosomes- cellular structures that make proteins
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Species of the day 11/17 Olive Baboon Papio anubis
Is this baboon a prokaryote or a eukaryote? What cell parts do you know it has?
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EUKARYOTIC Cell Organelles
Membrane-bound Organelles Organs for cells Nucleus Controls all cell activities Contains DNA
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Eukaryotic Cells
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Nucleus of a Cell
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The Nucleus, continued
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ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Rough ER has ribosomes makes/transports proteins Smooth ER makes/transports lipids
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic cells.
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Golgi bodies Golgi bodies Storage and Packaging The UPS of the cell
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Lysosome Lysosomes- small, spherical organelles that contain the cell’s digestive enzymes Function: Digestion & Recycling (The garbage man of the cell)
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Structures of Plant Cells
What 2 structures (cell organelles) did we learn about last unit that PLANT cells contain buy animal cells do not?
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Structures of Plant Cells
Plants have three unique structures that are not found in animal cells: Cell Wall Chloroplasts Central Vacuole
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Structures of Plant Cells
Cell Wall –surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells, and is made of proteins and carbohydrates. Functions of the Cell Wall: protects the cell from damage connects the cell with adjacent cells helps support and maintain the shape of the cell
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Are plants the only organisms with a cell wall?
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Structures of Plant Cells
Central Vacuole: Most of a plant cell’s volume is taken up by the central vacuole. Functions: stores water, nutrients, and wastes
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Structures of Plant Cells
Central Vacuole: Takes over the function of the Lysosome, which is not found in plant cells!!! Why might plants want to retain toxins and wastes inside the cell???
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Correct this statement
Chloroplasts convert light energy into USABLE energy CHEMICAL not usable yet! That process is done by cell respiration
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Mitochondria Mitochondria (Powerhouse of the cell)
Convert sugar into usable energy (______) Where in your body would you need a lot of mitochondria?
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Mitochondria, continued
Mitochondria have an inner and an outer membrane.
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Mitochondria & Chloroplasts
Unique features of the mitochondria & chloroplast: Both are energy-related organelles Have two membranes Have their own DNA Reproduce separately from the cell
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Cell Wall & Cell Membrane
If bacteria, plants, & fungi have cell walls, do they have a cell membrane? Explain.
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Organizing Organelles
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Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola
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Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola
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Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola
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Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola
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Species of the day 11/21 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola
What cells parts does this ocean sunfish have? Name as many as you can.
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