1. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Intended and realized public objectives in transport infrastructure projects through the competitive dialogue Mieke Hoezen, Hans Voordijk and Geert Dewulf

2. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Public objectives of the competitive dialogue Procurement method for complex projects Several discussion rounds between procuring agency and contractors Introduced by the European Commission (EC) in 2004 Direct EC-objectives of the competitive dialogue (CD)  Stimulate more dialogue  Stronger competition  More innovative solutions  More mutual trust

3. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Public objectives of the competitive dialogue Indirect EC-objectives of the CD  Reduction of the project complexity  Proper allocation of tasks and risks between procuring agency and contractor  Increase project quality  Decrease in time overrun  Decrease in cost overrun

4. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Practitioners’ evaluations Actual design of the CD could work against its public objectives Which mechanisms determine to what extent public objectives of the CD procedure are realized? Ex ante evaluation  Experts’ opinion on expected effected of the CD procedure Ex post evaluation  Perceived effects of the CD procedure in practice

5. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Ex ante evaluation Expert’ expectations of the effects of the CD procedure Interviews with 33 experts: academics, legal experts, procuring agents, contractors and advisors Semi-structured interviews – three parts  general opinion on the CD procedure  positive and negative elements of the CD procedure  effects CD procedure in terms of project control EC-objectives

6. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Ex post evaluation Twelve transport infrastructure construction projects procured through the CD procedure For each project: questionnaires sent to contractors and procuring authorities Questions on  respondent and project characteristics  experiences with the CD procedure in the project

7. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Mechanisms effecting the EC’s objectives of the CD Formal mechanisms  Contract  Formal procedures  Monitoring policies Informal mechanisms  Norms  Values  Routines

8. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Mechanisms effecting the EC’s objectives of the CD Direct objectives Indirect objectives Informal mechanisms Formal mechanisms

9. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Informal mechanisms effecting the EC’s objectives

10. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Formal mechanisms effecting the EC’s objectives

11. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Reaching the direct EC’s objectives

12. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory Reaching the indirect EC’s objectives

13. Open Day, 22 March 2012 PPP in Transport: Trends & Theory To what extent are public objectives of the CD realized? Direct objectives  Less dialogue than intended  More competition than intended  Less trust than intended  Innovation stimulated as expected Indirect objectives  Price-quality ratio positively assessed  No reduction of the project complexity