1. Review for Vitamins

2. List 5 Basic Functions Vitamins assist with in the body.
Nutrient Metabolism
Energy
Tissue Maintenance
Digestion
Infection resistance

3. What are the two main causes of Vitamin deficiency disease?
Insufficient Amount of a Vitamin in the diet.
Failure of the body to absorb a vitamin.

4. Differences between Water and Fat Soluble Vitamins
Water Soluble
Soluble in water
Excess vitamins are excreted
Will not build to toxic level
Fat Soluble
Soluble in fat
Excess vitamins are stored in the body
Will build up to toxic levels

5. What form of Vitamin A is provided by plant forms?
Beta Carotene
Beta Carotene is a naturally occurring anti oxidant. It is a fat soluble pigment found in plants.

6. Why do some people not need Vitamin D in their body?
With exposure to sunlight, the body can make all the vitamin D it needs.

7. What is the main function of Vitamin E and K?
Antioxidant
Protects the membranes of white and red blood cells. E
Makes proteins needed to coagulate blood. K

8. Name three deficiency symptoms shared by all the B vitamins.
Nausea
Loss of weight
Loss of appetite
Severe Exhaustion
Irritability
Depression
Forgetfulness
Heart problems
Skin problems
Impaired functioning of the immune system

9. What is the name of the Thiamine deficiency disease?
Beriberi

10. List three food sources of Riboflavin1
Milk and Milk Products 2
Enriched and whole grain cereals 3
Meats
Fish

11. Why is adequate folate intake especially important to women of childbearing age?
Women who have inadequate folate intake are more likely to give birth to babies with neural tube damage.

12. What group of people have an increased needs for vitamin C and why?
People exposed to SMOKE. This is because smoke increases the destruction of vitamin C in the lungs.

13. List two ways phytochemcials help prevent heart disease and some cancers.
1. Prompting the body to make enzymes.
2. Binding harmful substances
3. Acting as antioxidants

14. Name three groups of people for whom doctors might recommend vitamin supplements.
Pregnant
Breast feeding Women
Infants
Older adults
Patients recovering from surgery

15. What is the main difference between the sources of natural vitamins and the sources of synthetic Vitamins? NV
Extracted from Foods SV
Made in the labaratory

16. Give three tips for selecting foods high in Vitamins
Read Nutrition labels
Choose items brighter in colour and ones that have firm texture.
Buy foods that are firmly frozen avoid ones that have a think layer of ice on the sides. This indicates that they have been thawed then refrozen

17. List five ways to prevent vitamin losses when storing and preparing foods.
Keep freezer temperature at zero degrees or lower to retain vitamin content.
Store canned foods in a cool, dry storage area.
Store milk in opaque containers to protect riboflavin content. Riboflavin is destroyed by light.
Ripen fresh fruit/veg. at room temperature away from direct sunlight.
Be sure to wrap cut foods tightly. This prevents damage by oxidation.

18. Number of Vitamins In total there are 13 Vitamins:
9 water soluble (8 B Vitamins and Vitamin K)
4 fat soluble (A,D, E,K)

19. What is Pellagra?
Pellagra is a Niacin deficiency disease.

20. Fat Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K

21. Water Soluble B Vitamins