1. Chapter 4 Section 2 Pages 98 - 103
Spain Builds an Empire
Chapter 4 Section 2
Pages

2. Power of the Catholic Church
The Roman Catholic Church held much power in the Spanish Empire.
1523, the friars’ influence over Hernán Cortés was just one sign that religion played an important role.

3. Spain’s American Empire
Spain divides its empire into two parts.
The southern part is called Peru.
The northern part is called New Spain.
Each section was governed by a viceroy.

4. Spain’s American Empire
Three types of Spanish settlements
Pueblos – towns, established as centers of trade.
Missions – religious community, started by missionaries.
Presidio – fort with Spanish soldiers, usually built near missions.

5. Spain’s American Empire
Social Classes in New Spain.
Highest position were the Peninsulares, or people born in Spain.
Creoles, or people with Spanish parents but they themselves were born in New Spain.
Mestizos, or people of mixed Spanish and Native American descent.

6. Spain’s American Empire
Spain passes laws to end forced labor.
Thanks to the work of Bartolomé Casas, Spain passes a law in 1542 to end forced labor, but its hard to enforce.
All that it left of the original San Geronimo Church that was built in 1619 by the Spanish priests with Indian labor.

7. Spain’s American Empire
The oldest settlement in the United States, St. Augustine was started in 1565 in Florida.
Oldest city in St. Augustine Florida is now a tourist attraction.

8. Spain’s American Empire
In 1528, a large Spanish expedition is sent to Florida in search of gold.
Lose their way and try to sail across the gulf. Of the 300 men, only Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and Esteban

9. Spain’s American Empire
Francisco Coronado organizes a expedition in search of the Seven Cities of Cibola. He explores much of the southwestern United States.

10. Spain’s American Empire
Hernando de Soto also set out to find gold, exploring the southeastern United States.

11. Spain’s American Empire
Spain sets up hundreds of missions. Some Native Americans enjoy the benefits these missions provide, some rebel against them because Native Americans where expected to accept the Catholic faith, practice Spanish customs, and work at the missions.