1. Quantities, Unit and Measurement Quantities and Unit Sumber Gambar http://theworldoffii.blogspot.com/2008/0 7/alat-ukur-massa.html Sumber Gambar : site: gurumuda.files.wordpress.com

2. Adaptif page: 2 The kinds quantities The kinds of quantities Sumber Gambar http://theworldoffii. blogspot.com/2008/07/alat-ukur-massa.htmlhttp://theworldoffii QUANTITIES BASIC QUANTITIES DERIVED QUANTITIES

3. Adaptif Units page 3 unit Units Tak bakuStandard Metric System ( MKS) British System (FPS) International System (SI)

4. Adaptif page: 4 basic quantities Basic Quantities and Their Units  Basic quantities are the physical quantities that the units of which are predetermined, or the units are defined base on measurement international conferences.  There are 7 (seven) basic quantities: Basic quantitiesSI unitsSymbol Lenghtmeterm Massakilogramkg TimeSeconds TemperaturekelvinK Electric currentampereA Amount of substancemol Luminous intensitycandelacd

5. Adaptif Derived quantities and their units Derived quantities are the physical quantities which the units are derived from basic quantity units Example: page: 5 content Derived quantitiesSI unitSymbol AreaSquare Meterm2m2 VolumeCubic Meterm3m3 DensityKilogram/Cubic Meterkg/m 3 VelocityMeter/secondm/s

6. Adaptif Standard of Quantities Units  The unit of length page: 6 the unit of length The standard unit of length is meter. One meter is the distance between two mark on a bar of platinum-iridium alloy that was stored in the International Bureau of Weights and Measurement (Sevres, France) After November 1983, the standard unit of length is used is the distance that ligth travels during an exact time interval of 1/299.792.458 second. Source : http://wapedia.mobi/id/Meter

7. Adaptif Standard of Quantities Units  The unit of mass page: 7 the unit of massa The standard unit of mass is kilogram, that is the mass of a platinum-iridium cylinder which is kept in the International Bureau of Weights and Measurment in Sevres, France. The derived international mass standard for United State is known as 20 nd proptotype kilogram. The 20 nd prototype kilogram which is kept in National Standard, US, is a platinum cylinder which is kept under two glasses that is like a bell. (Source: Serway dan Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 6th edition, 2004)

8. Adaptif Standard of Quantities Units  The unit of time page: 8 the unit of time The standard unit of time is second (s). One second is defined as the time required for exactly 9.192.631.770 oscillations of an isotope cesium-133 atom particle. Cesium atom particle in the Boulder laboratorium at Nasional Standard, US. (Source: Serway dan Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 6th edition, 2004)

9. Adaptif Standard of Quantities Units  The unit of electric current page: 9 the unit of electric current The standard unit of electric current is ampere. One ampere is the electric current flowing in two long parralel wires and have the distance of 1 meter in vacuum space and it gives force exactly 2 x 10 -7 Newton. Electric current 2 x 10 -7 Newton 1 meter

10. Adaptif Standard of Quantities Units  The unit of temperature, luminous intensity, and amount of substance page: 10 the unit of temperature, luminous intensity, and amount of substance 1. Temperature of ice sublimation in 76 cmHg is 273,15 K, Temperature of water boiling in 76 cmHg is 373,150 K. 2. The standard unit of luminous intensity is resulted from 1 m 2 of the blackbody radiation glowing at temperatures of frozen platinum, that is 2046K. The blackbody is able to absorb all energies which strike it. 3. The standard unit of amount of substance is mole. One mole is the amount of substances which contain 6,025 x 10 23 particles. (6,025 x 10 23 is known as the Avogadro number)

11. Adaptif Awalan-awalan SI FaktorAwalanSimbolFaktorAwalanSimbol 10 1 decada10 -1 decid 10 2 hectoH10 -2 centic 10 3 KiloK10 -3 millim 10 6 MegaM10 -6 mikro  10 9 GigaG10 -9 nanon 10 12 TeraT10 -12 picop 10 15 PetaP10 -15 Femtof 10 18 exaE10 -18 attoa Hal.: 11 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait

12. Adaptif Measurement MMeasurement of length page: 12 ruler A. Ruler Ruler usually has smallest scale of 1 mm (0,1 cm) and the ruler strength can be measure until ½ part from the smallest scale (0, 5 mm or 0,05 cm)

13. Adaptif Measurement page: 13 Vernier caliper B. Vernier Caliper source: http://www.lapasa.net/blog/ Vernier Caliper is more accurate than a ruler, since it has the smallest scale of 0,1 mm. Vernier Caliper has 2 scales: a.Main scale (cm) b.Vernier scale/Nonius scale (mm)

14. Adaptif Measurement Hal.: 14 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait Main scale Nonius scale

15. Adaptif How we measure length using a vernier caliper page: 15 vernier caliper First, in the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the zero nonius scale is between 4,7 cm and 4,8 cm. Then, the nonius scale that is joint vertically with the main scale is the 4 th scale. It means that the number is 0,4 mm (= 0,04 cm). So, the reading of the vernier caliper is 4,7 cm + 0,04 cm = 4,74 cm. First, in the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the zero nonius scale is between 4,7 cm and 4,8 cm. Then, the nonius scale that is joint vertically with the main scale is the 4 th scale. It means that the number is 0,4 mm (= 0,04 cm). So, the reading of the vernier caliper is 4,7 cm + 0,04 cm = 4,74 cm. Measurement

16. Adaptif Measurement page: 16 micrometer screw C. Micrometer screw Source: http://www.e-dukasi.net Main scale, consist of: Scale of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, etc and scale of 1,5 mm, 2,5 mm, etc Outer scale, consist of : scale of 1 until 50. If this part around 1 times, then the main scale add to 0,5 mm. 1 outer scale is equivalent with 0,01 mm Micrometer screw is more accurate than ruler and vernier caliper, because it has the smallest scale of 0,01 mm.

17. Adaptif Measurement How we measure using micrometer screw page: 17 micrometer screw 1.Based on the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the edge of the outer scale is between 2 mm and 3 mm. It means that the length of sample is 2 mm. 2. Meanwhile, the line of the outer scale that exactly coincides with the horizontal line of the main scale is the 43 th. Then the reading of the micrometer screw is 2 + (43x0,01) = 2 + 0,43 = 2,43 mm

18. Adaptif Measurement page: 18 measurement of length Example 2 Then the reading of the micrometer screw is: = 4,5 cm + (19x0,01) cm = 4,5 cm + 0,19 cm = 4,69 cm 1.Based on the left figure, we see the main scale that coincides with the edge of the outer scale is 4,5 mm. It means that the length of sample is 4,5 mm. 2. Meanwhile, the line of the outer scale that exactly coincides with the horizontal line of the main scale is the 19 th.

19. Adaptif Measurement  Measurement of mass page: 19 measurement of mass Source: Bahan Ajar Modul Manual Untuk SMK Bidang Adaptif Mata Pelajaran Fisika, 2004 In daily life, there are so many units of mass, such as: gram (g), miligram (mg), ons, ton (t) dan kuintal (kw) 1 ton = 10 kuintal = 1.000 kg 1 kg = 1.000 g

20. Adaptif Measurement Instrument to measure of time page: 20 Measurement of time Stopwatch Sources : Dikmenjur, Bahan Ajar Modul Manual Untuk SMK Bidang Adaptif Mata Pelajaran Fisika, 2004 clocks

21. Adaptif ACCURATION page: 21 accuration The essentials must be looked in measurement AccuracyPresisi Show the certainity degree of measurement Show how close the measurement compare with the actual condition

22. Adaptif Uncertainty in measurement Resources uncertainty in measurement Uncertainty Systematics Uncertainty in observation Random uncertainty page: 22 uncertainty in measurement

23. Adaptif ACCURATION page: 23 accuration If we measure with vernier caliper is more accurate than ruler. Ruler has the smallest scale of 1 mm, but vernier caliper has 0,01 mm. Main scale Nonius scale

24. Adaptif ACCURATION page: 24 accuration Generally, the result of measurement is not 100% accurate. Second, does the tool give the right result when it used to measure something that is on standar condition? Second, does the tool give the right result when it used to measure something that is on standar condition? Tools must be recheck periodicaly with the two-point calibration methode. Tools must be recheck periodicaly with the two-point calibration methode. First, does the tool show the zero point scale?

25. Adaptif Source of uncertainty in measurement Hal.: 25 Isi dengan Judul Halaman Terkait Systematic uncertainty Mistake of instrument calibration Mistake of respon time Mistake of zero point Enviromental condition

26. Adaptif Source of measurement uncertainty page: 26 source of measurement uncertainty Extensive Uncertainty Example Electric voltage fluctuation Vibration Radiation Brown movement of air molecules

27. Adaptif Source of measurement uncertainty page: 27 Observation uncertainty Mistake in observation (paralaks) Mistake in scale reading Mistake in instrument arrangement source of measurement uncertainty

28. Adaptif Measurement uncertainty page: 28 measurement uncertainty Every measurement potentially get an uncertainty result Big uncertainty result indicates that a bad measurement The smaller of the value of uncertainty result indicates an accurate measurement Every measurement potentially get an uncertainty result Big uncertainty result indicates that a bad measurement The smaller of the value of uncertainty result indicates an accurate measurement