1. Work, Power and Energy

2. WORK Is the production of force and distance
Work is done when a force acts on an object in the direction the object moves.
No movement, no work is done

3. Work
Formula
Work = Force x distance
W= F x d
Unit for Work= joule (J)

4. Work Practice
A man weighing 750 N climbs a flight of stairs 5 m high. How much work has he done?
A 10 N book is raised 500 meters from the floor. How much work is done?
Kayla does 40 J of work while pushing a shopping cart 30 meters. What is the force applied?
David pulls a 450 N sofa up the stairs producing 25 J of work. How far did he pull the sofa?
A 100 kg object is pulled vertically upward 5.0 m by a rope with an acceleration of 1.0 m/s2. Find the work done by the tension force in the rope.

5. Power Rate of doing work
Doing work at a faster rate requires more work.
To increase power, you can increase the amount of work done in a given time.

6. Power
Formula:
Power= Work/time (s)
P = W/t
Unit: J/s or Watt

7. Power Practice
A motorcycle does 2000 J of work in 25 seconds. How much power is produced?
Sean does 125 J of work in 50 seconds. How much power is produced?
Kayla produced 20 W of power in 0.5 seconds. How much work was done?
Jacob does 400 J of work to produce 15 W of power. How long did he work?
Beth moves a 15 N book 20 meters in 10 seconds. How much power was produced?

8. Energy The ability to do work. Measured in Joules (J) Two types
Kinetic
Potential

9. Kinetic Energy The energy of motion
The kinetic energy of any moving object depends upon its mass and speed
Measured in Joules (J)
Formula:
KE = ½ m  v2

10. Kinetic Energy Practice
A 3 kg ball is rolling 2 m/s. How much kinetic energy does it have?
Determine the kinetic energy of a 625-kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 18 m/s.
A 30-kg car is going down a hill with a speed of 5 m/s. What is the cars kinetic energy?

11. Potential Energy
Is the energy that is stored as a result of position or shape
Gravitational Potential Energy—potential energy based on height
An object’s gravitational potential energy depends on its mass, its height, and the acceleration due to gravity
Formula:
GPE = m x g x h
m=mass
g= acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s/s)
h=height
Unit: Joule

12. Potential Energy Practice
A 4 kg rock is sitting on a 3 m ledge. How much potential energy does it have?
A 625-kg roller coaster is sitting at the top of the hill 90 meters from the ground. What is the coaster’s potential energy?
A book has 40 J of potential energy when it is 5 meters from the ground. What is the book’s mass?

13. Types of Energy Transfer
Mechanical: energy in motion
ex: water falls, car
Thermal: internal motion of particles
ex: fire
Chemical: chemical changes and bonds
ex: lighting a match, chemical reactions
Nuclear: splitting of atoms
ex: sun
Electromagnetic: electrical charges
ex: spectrum, light waves, electromagnets

14. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Energy Conservation
Energy cannot be created or destroyed

15. Energy Conversions
The gravitational potential energy of an object is converted to the kinetic energy of motion as the object falls
conversion
P.E. greatest
P.E. greatest
K.E. greatest

16. Pendulums and energy P.E. greatest P.E. decreases and K.E. increases
K.E. greatest
K.E. decreases and P.E. increases

17. Projectile Motion Projectile Motion site
When an object has a forward force and gravity affecting its path.
How many forces are acting on it?
TWO (Forward and gravity)
Ex: baseball, bullet from a gun