1. 1 Speaking in Small Groups Chapter 20

2. 2 Small Group Speaking Speaking to give a presentation to a small collection of individuals or Speaking to give a presentation to a small collection of individuals or Speaking as part of a small group of people Speaking as part of a small group of people

3. 3 Small Group Three to fifteen people Three to fifteen people Who must work together Who must work together To achieve a common goal To achieve a common goal Who have the ability to influence one another Who have the ability to influence one another

4. 4 Roles The positions group members must fill for the group to accomplish its goals The positions group members must fill for the group to accomplish its goals

5. 5 Ways to Become a Group Leader Volunteer Volunteer Be elected Be elected Be appointed Be appointed Emerge Emerge

6. 6 Leadership Behaviors Involve making sense of information & problem solving Involve making sense of information & problem solving

7. 7 Problems to Overcome Cognitive Constraints Cognitive Constraints Affiliative Constraints Affiliative Constraints Egocentric Constraints Egocentric Constraints

8. 8 Tips for Being an Effective Leader Ask questions Ask questions Summarize the discussion at key times Summarize the discussion at key times Involve everyone in discussions Involve everyone in discussions Keep the group on task Keep the group on task

9. 9 Types of Group Roles Group task roles Group task roles Group building & maintenance roles Group building & maintenance roles Egocentric roles Egocentric roles

10. 10 Group Task Roles Positions that help the group achieve its task Positions that help the group achieve its task

11. 11 Group Building & Maintenance Roles Help strengthen, organize, and keep the group focused & moving forward Help strengthen, organize, and keep the group focused & moving forward Help group members get along better & overcome affiliative constraints Help group members get along better & overcome affiliative constraints

12. 12 Egocentric Roles Place the needs of an individual member above the group & are destructive to the group Place the needs of an individual member above the group & are destructive to the group

13. 13 Tips for Being an Effective Group Participant Always consider the goals of the group Always consider the goals of the group Consider your nonverbal communication signals Consider your nonverbal communication signals Avoid interpersonal conflict Avoid interpersonal conflict

14. 14 Reflective Thinking Method A five-step method for structuring a problem- solving discussion A five-step method for structuring a problem- solving discussion Check Web Link 20.2: The Philosophy of John Dewey at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

15. 15 Reflective Thinking Method Identify the problem Identify the problem Analyze the problem Analyze the problem Suggest possible solutions Suggest possible solutions Consider the implications of the solutions Consider the implications of the solutions Reach a decision about the best solution Reach a decision about the best solution

16. 16 Brainstorming The process of generating ideas randomly & uncritically, without attention to logic, connections or relevance The process of generating ideas randomly & uncritically, without attention to logic, connections or relevance (ch. 4)

17. 17 Groupthink When the group conforms to a single frame of mind & chooses a solution without fully & objectively examining other possible solutions When the group conforms to a single frame of mind & chooses a solution without fully & objectively examining other possible solutions

18. 18 Oral Reports Individual speech that presents group’s findings, conclusions or proposals Individual speech that presents group’s findings, conclusions or proposals To other members of the group or to a larger audience To other members of the group or to a larger audience

19. 19 Panel Discussion Structured discussion, facilitated by a moderator, among group members Structured discussion, facilitated by a moderator, among group members In front of an audience In front of an audience

20. 20 Symposium Public discussion, several people each give speeches on different aspects of same topic Public discussion, several people each give speeches on different aspects of same topic

21. 21 Team Presentation Several members of group, Several members of group, Each person presenting different speech on single topic Each person presenting different speech on single topic

22. 22 Tips for Giving Effective Group Presentations Consider the group’s purpose Consider the group’s purpose Use appropriate delivery style & skills Use appropriate delivery style & skills Organize your presentation Organize your presentation Use effective visual aids as needed Use effective visual aids as needed