2. Why the Metric System is a good thing

3. Metric system created to have a unified, universal system of measurement. In 1790 King Louis XVI of France assigned a group to begin this task. As of 2005, only three countries, the United States, Liberia, and Myanmar, have not changed over to the metric system. The SI system is used universally for all scientific purposes so the metric system will be the only system of measurement we will be using in science this year.

4. The metric system was developed based on decimals. The base units are converted by factors of 10 by simply moving the decimal place. A prefix is then added to the base unit to indicate a larger or smaller unit. The base unit for length is the meter. The meter was originally defined as 1/10,000,000th of the distance from the North Pole to the Equator through Paris. The meter is now defined as the distance traveled by light in an absolute vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second (don’t worry – you don’t have to remember this).

5. The base unit for mass in the metric system is the gram. Mass is a measurement of how much matter is in an object. Mass is measured using a balance. One gram is about the same as a small paper clip. Double pan balance Triple beam balance Mass of about one gram

6. Volume is the measurement of how much space an object occupies. Liquid volume is measured with a graduated cylinder. Solid volume can be calculated with a formula or by water displacement. The basic unit for volume in the metric system is the liter. One liter sodas can be purchased at convenience stores. Water displacement Graduated cylinder Volume formula for a rectangular prism is length x width x height.

7. Temperature is the measurement of the heat of something on a scale. The basic unit of temperature in the metric system is Celsius or centigrade. Water freezes on the Celsius scale at 0° and boils at 100°. Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Thermometer Water at freezing point measured by a digital thermometer

8. The metric system uses prefixes added to the base unit to represent larger or smaller units. Each prefix is a multiple of 10. Prefix Abbreviation Word valueNumber value kilokm one thousand 1000 hectohm one hundred 100 dekadam ten 10 decidm one tenth 0.1 centicm one hundredth 0.01 millimm one thousandth 0.001

9. Length Units in Metric System kilometer hectometer dekameter meter decimeter centimeter millimeter Most Common Volume Units in Metric System liter milliliter Most Common Mass Units in Metric System kilogram gram milligram

10. The idea – to express error in measurement. You get significant figures by measuring a value and then estimating one degree beyond the limit of the reading Example -if an object, measured with a ruler marked in millimeters, is known to be between six and seven millimeters and can be seen to be approximately 2/3 of the way between them or a little more than half way, an acceptable measurement for it could be 6.6 mm or 6.7 mm. The.6 or.7 is estimated – these digits are uncertain. The 6 millimeters is known – these digits are certain. By using significant figures correctly, you are increasing the accuracy of your measurements. In the example from above, if the object measured with a ruler in millimeters was exactly on 6 millimeters, then to show significant figures you would express the measurement as 6.0 millimeters.

11. Degree of Uncertainty in Measurement

12. Precision vs. Accuracy Precision: A degree of agreement among several measurements of the same quality. Accuracy: Is the agreement of a particular value with the true value

13. Metric mass can be expressed in terms of metric volume. One gram of mass equals one milliliter in volume. One milliliter equals one centimeter cubed. If one milliliter equals one gram then 1000 milliliters or 1 liter equals 1000 grams or 1 kilogram. kilogram/liter

15. A meniscus (from the Greek for "crescent") is a curve in the surface of a liquid produced in response to the surface of the container or another object. water and glass. bottom When measuring liquids you will have to keep in mind significant figures while reading the bottom of the meniscus. The volume of the liquid using significant figures is 40.76 mL.