2. Process that makes gametes Gametes are sex cells Examples: Egg and Sperm The other type of process we learned about was…. Mitosis it is a process that creates somatic cells (body cells)

3. Four haploid daughter cells are produced from Meiosis Remember that Haploid means: HALF of the chromosome number is present in the cell.

4.  46 in somatic cells like skin, muscles, and hair cells And  23 in human gametes (sex cells) Why do gametes only have 23 chromosomes? Because during fertilization the egg and sperm fuse to create an offspring which needs a full set of chromosomes.

5. Segments of homologous chromosomes break and reattach at similar locations. Results in new genetic combinations of offspring. This is the main advantage of sexual reproduction 5

6. Occurs when homologous chromosomes pair up during prophase I and is complete by metaphase I.

7. 7

8. During Prophase I, DNA condenses, homologous chromosomes are paired up and crossing over occurs. 8

9. During Metaphase I, each homologous chromosome lines up along the middle of the cell and the spindle fibers become attached to the centromere. 9

10. During Anaphase I, each homologous chromosome is pulled to opposite sides of the cell. 10

11. During Telophase I, each HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOME makes it to the opposite sides of the cell. A nucleus may or may not reform During Cytokinesis I the cell divides into 2 cells 11

12. DNA DOES NOT double again Chromosomes randomly line-up along metaphase plate like regular mitosis. During Anaphase II, CENTROMERES BREAK and each SISTER CHROMATID is pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Nuclei reform and cytokinesis usually occurs (although it is often unequal). 12 Sister chromatids