1. Periodic Table Study Guide Determining Shells and Valence Electrons

2. Periods Groups Each row is called a “period”
Each column is called a “group”
The elements in each period have the same number of shells.
Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”.
1st Period = 1 Shell
The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”
2nd Period = 2 Shells
3rd Period = 3 Shells
Group 8 = 8 electrons
4th Period = 4 Shells
Group 1 = 1 electron
Group 2 = 2 electrons

3. Carbon - C Transition Metals
Determine the number of shells and the number of valence electrons for:
Transition Metals have slightly different rules for shells and valence electrons.
Carbon - C
This is something you will learn about in High School Chemistry.
2nd Period = 2 shells
4th Group =
4 valence
electrons

4. Ne K Name the element. _____________________
Number of shells ?______________________
Valence electrons ?_____________________ Draw an atom of the element below, showing the nucleus, protons, neutrons, orbitals (shells) and electrons.
Name the element. _____________________
Number of shells ?______________________
Valence electrons ?______________________ Draw an atom of the element below, showing the nucleus, protons, neutrons, orbitals (shells) and electrons.