1. Motivation Part 2

2. Approaches of the MotivationGeneral ConceptsMajor Theories of Motivation Contents of the Lecture

3. Approaches to Motivation Need-based approachProcess-based approachLearning/reinforcement-based approach. Three main approaches to motivation

4. General Concepts Our role as health care provider is to assist our patients to move toward a state of action that leads to improve health status outcome.

5. Major Theories of Motivation I. Content (Need-based) Approach theories: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory Alderfer’s ERG Theory Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory II. Process-based Approach theories: Vroom's expectancy theory Adams' equity theory. Goal-setting theory Reinforcement theory.

6. Major Theories of Motivation I. Content or Need-based Approach theories: Content Theories deal with “what” motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals.

7. Major Theories of Motivation II. Process Theories deal with the “process” of motivation and is concerned with “how” motivation occurs.

8. Theories of Motivation Maslow's hierarchy of needs Herzberg's motivator- hygiene theory Alderfer's ERG theory McClelland's three-needs theory Need Approach Theories

9. Maslow’s Needs-Hierarchy Theory People have a hierarchy of five increasingly needs:  Physiological  security or safety  social or belongings needs  self-esteem  self-actualization.

10. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

11. Maslow’s Pyramid

12. Principle of Maslow’s Needs-Hierarchy Theory People are motivated first to satisfy the lower-order needs and then, in sequence, each of the higher-order needs.

13. Herzberg's Two factor theory 1- Hygiene Factors 2- Motivator Factors

14. HERZBERG'S Two Factor Theory He called the satisfiers motivators and the dissatisfiers hygiene factors, using the term "hygiene" in the sense that they are considered maintenance factors that are necessary to avoid dissatisfaction but that by themselves do not provide satisfaction.

15. HERZBERG'S Two factor theory Leading to DissatisfactionLeading to Satisfaction Company policyAchievement SupervisionWork itself Relationship w/BossResponsibility Work conditionsAdvancement SalaryGrowth Relationship w/PeersRecognition

16. McCleland's acquired need theory Need for Affiliation Need for Achievement Need for Power.

17. Alderfer's ERG theory Has here components: Existence: Combined the physiological and safety needs into one level. Relatedness: address the belonging needs. Growth: combined self esteem and self actualization.

18. Major Theories of Motivation Adams' equity theoryVroom's expectancy theoryGoal-setting theoryReinforcement theory Process Approach Theories

19. Major Theories of Motivation Adams' Equity Theory Equity is an individual's beliefs that he or she is being treated fairly relative to the treatment of others.

20. Process Theories of Motivation Vroom's Expectancy Theory: motivation plus effort leads to performance, which then leads to outcomes. Motivation + Effort = Performance Performance Outcomes.

21. Major Theories of Motivation Goal-setting Theory should set goals for the individual on a regular basis and that rewards should be tied to the accomplishment of goals

22. Questions? Comments?