1. Nuclear Fission and Fusion

2. Warm - Up
What do you know, or think you know, about nuclear fission and fusion?

3. Objectives Today I will be able to:
Distinguish between different types of radiation with respect to their penetration power.
Complete a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast nuclear fission and fusion.
Review atom concepts to prepare for an exam

4. Homework Study for the Atom Exam on Monday/ Tuesday of Next Week
Keep working on data collection for STEM fair

5. Agenda Warm – up Collect STEM introductions
Review Gamma, Positron and Electron Capture
Radioactivity Equation Practice
Nuclear Chemistry Notes
Fission vs. Fusion Venn Diagram
Atom Exam Review
Exit Ticket

6. Radiation
Composition
& Symbol
Is shielded or stopped by?
Alpha
Beta
Gamma

7. Radiation
Composition
& Symbol
Is shielded or stopped by?
Alpha
2 p+ and 2 n0
Beta
Stream of high speed e-
Gamma
Very high energy electromagnetic radiation

8. Shielding Radiation , aluminum
Which type of radiation is the most penetrating? gamma rays
Which type of radiation do you think is most dangerous? gamma rays
Sun glasses have UVA and UVB protection.
The UV-A stand for ultra violet alpha particles and the UV-B stands for ultra violet beta particles.
Almost all sunglasses offer 100% UVA protection. Be sure to get 100% UVB protection as well.

9. Radiation
Composition
& Symbol
Is shielded or stopped by?
Alpha
2 p+ and 2 n0
paper
Beta
Stream of high speed e-
Clothing, wood
Gamma
Very high energy electromagnetic radiation
Concrete, lead

10. Nuclear Fission
A heavy nucleus splits into more stable nuclei of intermediate mass.

11. Atomic Bombs Atomic bombs are an example of Fission Reactions.
“Little boy” and “Fat man” were Atomic bombs made from fission reactions with uranium and plutonium respectively.
A fission chain reaction is started and continues until the bomb destroys itself.

12. Little Boy and Fat Man

13. Nuclear Power Plants
map: Nuclear Energy Institute

14. Nuclear Power Plants
Uranium-235 undergoes nuclear fission and releases thermal (heat) energy.
This turns water to steam which spins turbines.
The turbines produce electrical energy.
Nuclear waste is fuel rods with unreacted uranium and radioactive products of fission. Right now this waste is buried in waste management facilities, like Yucca Mountain.

15. Maryland Nuclear Power Plant
Calvert Cliffs is Maryland’s nuclear power plant

16. http://www. cleanenergyinsight

17. Nuclear Fusion
Low-mass nuclei combine to form a heavier, more stable nucleus.

18. Hydrogen Bombs Hydrogen bombs are an example of nuclear fusion.
Two isotopes of hydrogen, 2H and 3H, fuse together and produce a lot of energy in the process.
H-bombs release significantly more energy than atomic bombs.

19. The Sun: Nuclear Fusion+ + +
Energy
Four
hydrogen
nuclei
(protons)
Two beta
particles
(electrons)
One
helium
nucleus

20. Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion

21. Release huge amounts of energy
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion
High temp and pressure are used to combine light atoms to make heavier atoms
Ex: Fuels the sun and stars & Hydrogen Bombs
A heavy atom splits into two or more lighter nuclei
Ex: Atomic Bombs & Nuclear reactors
Release huge amounts of energy
Produce nuclear waste

22. Comparing Fission and Fusion

23. Did You Know ?

24. The Next Slide
The next slide shows a great flow diagram that links a lot of radioactive decay concepts.

25. http://images4. wikia. nocookie

26. Exit Ticket