3. Objectives Analyze the energy pathways through the different trophic levels of a food web or energy pyramid Evaluate the impact of changes in energy within different trophic levels EQ: How does a farmer’s choice of pesticides affect the health of humans? Energy flow

4. What is a food chain? A food chain is series of step in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

5. What is a producer--autotroph An organism that creates it’s own food through photosynthesis What can you think of that might be the most common energy source for all producers? The SUN

6. Producers aka AUTOTROPHS Primary producers are “organisms capable of producing their own food” We can also say that they are photosynthetic, use light energy. Examples of primary producers include algae, phytoplankton, and large plants. http://i.ehow.com/images/GlobalPhoto/Articles/4729527/sun-plant_Full.jpg

7. CONSUMERS AKA HETEROTROPHS Animals AND fungi are consumers because they cannot create their own food, they must eat (consume) plants or other animals to get the energy they need.

8. Click “Here” to video on PhytoplanktonHere

9. Classify Consumers 1. Primary Consumers: Herbivores eat plants 2. Secondary Consumers: Carnivores that eat herbivores 3. Tertiary Consumers: Carnivores that eat other carnivores Detritivores: Animals that eat dead materials and organic wastes (aka decomposers) Detritus: waste and remains of dead organism.

10. What is a food web? A food web is “an interlocking pattern of food chains 2 ”

11. Every ecosystem includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) factors. The biotic factors are organized into trophic levels. Trophic level: an organism’s position in the food chain

12. Each trophic level provides 10% of its total energy to the next level. SUNLIGHT ENERGY

13. 90% of the energy in each trophic level is lost to the environment as heat. SUNLIGHT ENERGY Heat Loss

14. A pyramid of numbers shows the numbers of individual organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem. tertiary consumers secondary consumers primary consumers producers 5 5000 500,000 5,000,000 producers A vast number of producers are required to support even a few top level consumers.

15. Pyramids of Biomass and Numbers The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called its Biomass Biomass is usually measured: # of organic matter _______________________ area

16. Food Web Activity With your group, create a food web with at least 15 organisms using the Marine Food Web Packet. Draw the food web on your poster. The food chain and food web must include a producer, decomposer, and three levels of consumer (primary, secondary, tertiary). Label them (use color coding). On the same side of your poster draw a trophic pyramid using at least 7 of your organisms. Label the producers with 100% energy and then label each of the other levels with how much energy they receive.