1. Good delivery is an art It conveys the message clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience. Good delivery combines a certain degree of formality with the best attributes of good conversation: directness, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication.

2. Types of delivery Speeches read verbatim from a manuscript Speeches recited from memory Speeches delivered impromptu Speeches delivered extemporaneously

3. Speeches read verbatim from a manuscript Often used in situations that require absolute accuracy of wording. Speakers using this method should: a.rehearse the speech aloud to make sure it sounds natural. b.work on establishing eye contact with the audience. c.concentrate on talking with the audience rather than reading to them.

4. Speeches recited from memory Nowadays it is customary to deliver only the shortest speeches from memory. When delivering a speech from memory, the speaker should learn it so thoroughly that she or he can concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on remembering specific words.

5. Speeches delivered impromptu If facing an impromptu speech: 1. state the point to which you are responding. 2. state the point you want to make. 3. At the end summarize your point. If there is sufficient time, quickly write an outline Try to remain calm and assured Use signposts (“first,” “second,” etc.).

6. Speeches delivered extemporaneously Extemporaneous speeches are carefully prepared and practiced in advance. They are presented from a set of notes, but the exact wording is chosen at the moment of delivery.

7. Extemporaneous delivery: gives greater control over ideas and language allows for greater spontaneity and directness encourages conversational vocal qualities, natural gestures, and strong eye contact

8. Vocal Variety Vocal variety is one of the most important elements in effective delivery. Vocal variety refers to modulations in the rate, pitch, volume, and timing of a speaker’s voice. Speakers who lack vocal variety come across as flat, dull, and uncommunicative. Speakers who possess strong vocal variety come across as lively, dynamic, and communicative.

9. Nonverbal communication Personal appearance. Bodily action. Gestures. Eye contact.

10. PRACTICE! Practice the speech aloud several times Make changes if necessary / practice again. Practice again in front of mirror (or friends) Give the speech a dress rehearsal under conditions as close as possible to those you will face during the actual speech. Give yourself at least a couple of days, preferably more, to gain command of the speech and its presentation.