1. World War I Study Guide

2. Factors that led to WWI  Militarism - policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war  Alliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another  Nationalism - pride in or devotion to one’s country  Imperialism - when one country takes over another country economically and politically  Assassination - murder of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

3. Opposing Forces  Great BritainGermany  FranceAustria-Hungary  RussiaOttoman Empire  later USAItaly Allied Powers vsCentral Powers

4. The Western Front  The German advance was stopped about 30 miles from Paris.  The war bogged down as both sides dug a long series of trenches, creating the Western Front.

5. New Deadly Technology

6. Public Opinion Groups  Isolationists -Favored staying out of the war  Interventionists - Favored fighting on the Allies’ side  Internationalists - Wanted the U.S. to play a role for peace but not fight  Isolationists -Favored staying out of the war  Interventionists - Favored fighting on the Allies’ side  Internationalists - Wanted the U.S. to play a role for peace but not fight

7. Why/When did the US enter the war? Congress responded with a declaration of war on April 6,1917 and the United States entered World War I.

8. Hoover  Led The Food Administration  Encouraged farmers to grow more crops

9. What’s my role  Women – entered the workforce  Mexican-Americans – became farmers

10. CPI?  Committee on Public information  encouraged public support for the war  Stressed the enemy’s cruelty

11. Time to ACT  Selective Service Act – law that established a military draft in 1917  Sedition Act - outlawed speech that went against the government or the military.

12. The Great Migration  more than a million African Americans moved north, hoping to escape poverty and Jim Crow laws and find better jobs.

13. Backlash  Some schools stopped teaching the German language.  People stopped listening to music by German composers.  They called hamburgers “liberty steaks” and Dachshunds “liberty pups.”

14. Convoy  group of ships that traveled together for protection against German U-boats

15. Reparations  payments for war damages

16. U-boat attacks  When the United States entered the war in 1917, Germany increased U-boat attacks, hoping to win the war before American troops could make a difference.

17. Fourteen Points Goal: “peace without victory”

18. Treaty of Versailles (not so good)  Its harsh terms left Germany with a strong desire for revenge  Soviet Russia threatened worldwide revolution

19. Red Scare  Widespread fear of radicals and communists  The emergence of the Soviet Union as a communist country

20. New Countries

21. Inflation  Rising prices

22. Sacco and Vanzetti  Italian anarchists charged with murder committed during a robbery in Massachusetts.  “looked Italian.”

23. The FLU  The flu killed 550,000 Americans and more than 50 million people around the world.

24. USA after WWI  The United States became the world’s economic center and largest creditor nation.