1. Carole Wells Kutztown University Andrea Chapdelaine Albright College Ana Ruiz Judy Warchal Alvernia University 11 th Annual International Association for Research on Service-Learning and Community Engagement

2.  Introduction  Principles  Guidelines  Discussion

3.  Interest in international service-learning  Need for comprehensive research agenda  Worldviews regarding “universal” ethical principles  Protection of all parties involved

4.  Risk/benefit Analysis of:  Service-learning project itself  Research study of the service-learning project

5.  International Research  International ethical guidelines  International codes of ethics on research

6.  Beneficence  Nonmaleficence  Justice  Fidelity  Integrity

7.  Doing good and helping others  Safeguard welfare and rights of participants  How does one define “good” ?  “Who benefits from the research project?”

8.  Do no harm  Risk/benefit analysis to determine potential of harm

9.  Ensures impartiality, fair treatment of all persons, and fair representation of facts  Representation of  Participants  Information collected  Results and conclusions

10.  Loyalty to one’s duty  Responsibility to  Scientific community  Participants

11.  Quality of being honest, consistently using a framework or set core of principles  The researcher must:  follow scientific guidelines  provide information to participants  avoid deception  present accurate and verifiable results

12.  Researcher’s Competencies and Responsibilities  Rights of Participants  Sponsorship  Publication and Dissemination

13. Ethical integrity of project Federal, State and local laws and regulations Professional code of ethics Information to host community Trained research team

14.  Cultural, political, social history of host community  Appropriate training, qualifications, expertise

15.  Value and merit of proposed research  Feasibility of proposed research – risks/benefits  Standards of scientific and ethical investigation  Safety and protection of participants  Language/communication  Method of data collection

16.  Methodological review  Ethics review  Proposed International Institutional Review Board  Local ethics committee  Host country ethical review process

17.  Participants must be protected from harm  Understanding of risks/benefits of research  History of abuses  Nazi physicians prison camp experiments  Tuskegee syphilis case  New Zealand women with cervical cancer case

18.  Purpose of research  Who will implement research  Right of voluntary participation in research  Right to withdraw from project  Potential risks and benefits of research and participation in research  Process consent  Advocate/translator

19.  Anonymity of information  Privacy  Consequences of publication of results

20.  Determine Roles and Responsibilities of Researcher and Sponsor  Risks/Benefits of Sponsorship  Conflicts of Interest  Confidentiality of Participants  Use of Funding

21.  Identification of authors, sponsors, and contributors  Appropriate citations and acknowledgements  Accurate data reporting  Accessibility and utility of results to community partners

22.  Confidentiality and anonymity of participants  Assessment of consequences of publications of research results  Involvement of community partners in decisions regarding release of potentially harmful results

23.  What research projects have you done or would like to do on international service- learning?  What ethical issues are involved in that research?  How might the guidelines assist in addressing those ethical issues?