1. Feudalism Lords Top Rank Responsibility provide land to Nobles and Peasants Nobles/Vassals 2 nd Rank Responsibility Provided land for the peasants (Serfs) Worked for the Lord as a Knight in return for land Serfs Bottom Class Responsibility Farmed the land for the Nobles Owed Military Service to the Nobles for allowing them to use the land Owed part of the crop to Nobles and the Lord. Could not leave the estate without permission of the nobles Were not allowed to marry without permission. Lived by the Code of Chivalry: A Guide for good behavior

2. British Kings and Their Accomplishments Alfred the GreatKing JohnHenry IIEdward I Drove the Vikings from England Signed the Magna Carta into law. This outlined the power of the King Established the Jury System in England Helped to develop The English Parliament

3. Geography English Channel Physical Features That Separate Cultures Medieval CitiesDisease Black Death was a plague in Europe that killed millions It decreased trade and increased wages for those that survived. Dirty-Smelly Polluted Mountains-Rivers- Oceans The Alps separated Italy from the rest of Europe. The English Channel separates England from the rest of Europe. Doomsday Book First English Census William the Conqueror asked for the census.

4. Church Holy Roman Empire ScienceArtMissionaries Emperor Charlemagne Believed education was important for all Concordat of Worms Limited the power of the Emperors Inquisition Church Court tried people who disagreed with the church about science. Thomas Aquinas Combined church teachings with the views of Aristotle. Stained Glass Windows in Cathedrals. Hildegard of Bingen Convent in Germany famous for religious music. Started by Pope Gregory the Great Francis of Assisi famous friar that helped the poor.

5. Crusades Started by the Catholics because they wanted to take the holy land back from the Muslims. 1 st Crusade Drove Muslims from the Holy Land 2 nd Crusade Muslims drive Christians from the Holy Land 3 rd Crusade Ended in a draw Effects of the Crusades More trade between Europe and the Middle East. Collected more taxes in Europe. Feudalism broke down Nobles were forced to sell their land.

6. Franks (France) 1 st Frankish King King Clovis Became a Catholic as King Fought the 100 years war vs. the British Joan of Arc Famous Frankish teenage girl who led French troops into battle vs. the British The Franks develop one of Europe’s first parliaments Their parliament was called the Estates General

7. Ancestry of Great Britain Anglo - SaxonsCelts Pushed into Ireland, Whales, and Scotland. Invaded England after the Romans left.

8. Vikings From Scandinavia Robbed villages in Europe Driven from England by Alfred the Great.