1. Animal Behavior

2. The output of animals can trigger simple and complex behaviors
BIG IDEA
The output of animals can trigger simple and complex behaviors

3. Behavior
The sum of responses to external in and internal stimulus

4. Behavior Responses Behavior Responses Fixed patterns Behavior Rhythms
Oriented Movement

5. Fixed Patterns

6. Oriented Movement
Kinesis: A change in response rate to stimulus Taxis: Movement towards positive or negative stimulus Migration: Change in location

7. Behavior Rhythms Circadian Rhythms
Linked to periods of activity and rest

8. Animal Signal and Communication
Visual
Chemical  Pheromones : Common in mammals linked to reproductive behavior
Tactile
Auditory

9. Proximate Vs. Ultimate Causation
Proximate causation refers to how an animals behavior is modified
Ultimate causation refers why the behavior occurs due to natural selection in environment

10. Animal Behavior

11. What do we know about Animal Behavior?
Animals modify their behavior based on environmental condition.
The modification of behaviors trigger simple and complex processes.
BUT how do animals learn this behaviors

12. Big Idea
Behavior is linked to learning experiences.

13. Forms of Learning Habituation Imprinting Cognitive Maps
Spatial Learning

14. Habituation
Loss of responsiveness to the environment.

15. Imprinting
Long-lasting behavior that takes places during a certain period of life.

16. Spatial Learning & Cognitive Maps
Memory that reflects spatial structure.
Spatial relationships between organisms and their surroundings

17. Associative Learning Classical: Arbitrary object with outcome
Operant: Trial and error learning

18. Social Learning
Cognitive and Problem Solving: Being aware of the information and processing
Development of learned behaviors: Takes place over a long period of time

19. What do we know about Animal Behavior?
Animals modify their behavior based on environmental condition.
The modification of behaviors trigger simple and complex processes.
Behavior is linked to learning experiences.
But can behavior be linked to inheritance?

20. BIG IDEA Genetics and environment are linked to behavior
Nature Vs. Nurture

21. Experience and Behavior
Environmental: Cross-Fostering Behavior
California Mice

22. Regulatory Genes and Behavior
Genes are link to controlling behavior.
Fru gene in Fruit Flies control mating behaviors

23. Behavior Variation in Natural Populations
Migratory pattern genetically inherited
Bananna Slugs is a genetically acquired taste

24. Variation in a single locus
Amount of vasopressin expressed in meadow voles determines the bond formed with the offspring

25. TEST Questions The fru gene in fruit flies
A. control sex-specific development in the fruit fly.
B. is a master regulatory gene that directs expression of many other genes
C. can be genetically manipulated in females so that they will perform male sex behaviors
D. programs males for appropriate courtship behaviors
E. all of the above
A guinea pig squeals every time the refrigerator doo is opens. What term best applies to this behavior?
A. Sign stimulus
B. Cognition
C. Imprinting
D. Classical conditioning
E. Operant conditions
The Law Conservation of Matter states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed. Matter is cycled through the earth and undergoes transformations so that it can be utilized by various abiotic and biotic factors. Which of the following are true statements regarding the carbon cycle?
I. It has increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, causing global warming
II. It involves photosynthetic processes
III. It leads to the reduction of aquatic biomass
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I, II and III only