1. Country gallery Maldives

2. Basic socio-demographic indicators, 2007-2008 Total population (thousands)306 Annual population growth rate2.4 Population aged 15-49 (thousands)172 Percentage of population in urban areas31 Crude birth rate (births per 1,000 population)23 Under 5 mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)30 Human Development Index (HDI)/Value100/0.741 Life expectancy at birth72 Adult literacy rate97 GDP per capita (PPP, $US)5,261 Per capita total health expenditure (Int.$)878 (2005) Source: 1. 2007 UN Population Division cited in WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV and AIDS: Maldives, July 2008 2. UNDP, Human Development Report 2007/2008

3. HIV prevalence and epidemiological status

4. Estimated HIV prevalence among high and low risk populations, with and without interventions, by 2015 Source: UNICEF, The HIV/AIDS Situation in the Republic of Maldives in 2006, National HIV/AIDS Council, MoH, Aug 2006  Without intervention assumes “sex without condoms and widespread sharing of needles by IDUs”.  With intervention refers to comprehensive prevention programs in place.

5. Estimated HIV prevalence among population 15-24 yrs, with and without interventions, by 2015 Source: UNICEF, The HIV/AIDS Situation in the Republic of Maldives in 2006, National HIV/AIDS Council, MoH, Aug 2006  Report states that vulnerable youth and migrants are likely to get infection partly due to their involvement with IDUs, MSM and FSWs.  Without intervention assumes “sex without condoms and widespread sharing of needles by IDUs”  With intervention refers to comprehensive prevention programs in place

6. Estimated number of HIV cases among high and low risk populations, with and without interventions, by 2015 Source: UNICEF, The HIV/AIDS Situation in the Republic of Maldives in 2006, National HIV/AIDS Council, MoH, Aug 2006  Without intervention assumes “sex without condoms and widespread sharing of needles by IDUs”.  With intervention refers to comprehensive prevention programs in place.

7. Reported number of AIDS cases, 1990-2005 Source: UNAIDS, Epidemiological Fact Sheets Maldives, 2006 update  Men in Maldives are more at risk of getting HIV infection than women.  The ratio of male to female reported number of AIDS cases is 10:1.

8. Vulnerability

9. % of population 15-24 yrs with knowledge of HIV prevention, 2004 Source: MoH, Reproductive Health Survey, 2004, Tropical Disease Research Centre, Sep 2004  Reproductive Health Survey, 2004 is a national survey.  It covered 663 women and 469 men aged 15-24 yrs (N=1,132)

10. % of population 15-49 yrs with knowledge of HIV transmission, 2004 Source: MoH, Reproductive Health Survey, 2004, Tropical Disease Research Centre, Sep 2004  Reproductive Health Survey, 2004 is a national survey.  It covered 2,693 married women 15-49 yrs and 1,409 married men 15- 64 yrs (N=4,102)

11. Risk behaviors

12. Population movements and link between risk behaviors and HIV transmission across groups, 2006 Source: UNICEF, The HIV/AIDS Situation in the Republic of Maldives in 2006, National HIV/AIDS Council, MoH, Aug 2006 The ‘Low risk males’ circle feeds the ‘vulnerable males’ circle (through migration, mobility, peer pressure, disillusionment, societal pressure to earn money, etc) as well as a circle of MSM. Some men in the ‘Vulnerable males’ circle use drugs; part of them move into the red circle of IDUs. Some men who use drugs need money desperately and may move into the MSWs group; other poor vulnerable men may move into this group too. Same processes along with gender imbalance force low-risk females to move into drug use or join sex work.

13. % of population 15-24 yrs who had sexual intercourse before the age of 18, 2004 Source: MoH, Reproductive Health Survey, 2004, Tropical Disease Research Centre, Sep 2004 The data represents both male and females aged 15-24 who reported a very high rate of sex before the age of 18.  Reproductive Health Survey, 2004 is a national survey.  It covered 663 women 469 and men aged 15-24 yrs (N=1,132)

14. % of population 15-24 yrs who had higher-risk sex in the past 12 months, 2004 Source: MoH, Reproductive Health Survey, 2004, Tropical Disease Research Centre, Sep 2004  Reproductive Health Survey, 2004 is a national survey.  It covered 663 women and 469 men aged 15-24 yrs (N=1,132) Higher-risk sex defined as “ sex with non-marital, non-cohabitating partner in the past 12 months”

15. % of population 15-24 yrs reporting the use of a condom during higher-risk sex in the past 12 months, 2004  Reproductive Health Survey, 2004 is a national survey.  It covered 663 women and 469 men aged 15-24 yrs (N=1,132) Higher-risk sex defined as “ sex with non-marital, non-cohabitating partner in the past 12 months” Source: MoH, Reproductive Health Survey, 2004, Tropical Disease Research Centre, Sep 2004

16. % of population <18 yr who were sexually active and who used condoms, 2004 Source: MoH, Reproductive Health Survey, 2004, Tropical Disease Research Centre, Sep 2004 cited by UNICEF, The HIV/AIDS Situation in the Republic of Maldives in 2006, National HIV/AIDS Council, MoH, Aug 2006

17. National response

18. % of pregnant women tested and counseled for HIV, 2007 Source: WHO_UNAIDS_UNICEF_Towards Universal Access – Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector, 2008  Total 4,438 pregnant women were tested and counseled for HIV

19. Number of adults and children with advanced HIV infection who are in need and who received ART, 2007 Source: WHO_UNAIDS_UNICEF_Towards Universal Access – Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector, 2008

20. THANK YOU slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.orgwww.aidsdatahub.org Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used. Please acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this sitewww.aidsdatahub.org