1. Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition Living in a Digital World Chapter Five SOFTWARE

2. Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition Living in a Digital World Part One

3. System Software System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices 3 Operating systems Utility Programs

4. Operating Systems An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources 4 Start and shut down a computer Provide a user interface Manage programs Manage memory Coordinate tasks Configure devices Establish an Internet connection Monitor performance Provide utilities Automatically update Control a network Administer security

5. Operating Systems 5

6. Some Operating System Functions The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed. Example, if program-1 and program-2 send commands to the processor to be executed, the OS which should be executed first based on different reasons like: – Who asked first – Who has higher priority – …. etc 6

7. Some Operating System Functions Operating systems typically responsible for establishing Internet connections, or creating a network with another connected computer. 7

8. Types of Operating Systems 8 Stand-alone operating system Server operating system Embedded operating system

9. Stand-Alone Operating Systems A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device 9 WindowsMac OS X UNIXLinux

10. Server Operating Systems Windows Server 2008 UNIXLinuxSolaris 10 Server operating system is installed on servers! It is similar to the stand alone OS, but it has extra functions for managing online resources and provide services to other computers. Examples are:

11. Embedded Operating Systems An embedded operating system resides on a ROM chip on a mobile device (e.g. mobile phones) or consumer electronic device: 11 Windows Embedded CE Windows Mobile Palm OSiPhone OS Blackberry Embedded Linux Symbian OS

12. Utility Programs A utility program is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks. Usually, an OS comes with many utility programs. 12

13. File ManagerUninstallerSearch Disk cleanup Disk defragmenter Backup Restore File Compression Anti-virus 13 Utility Programs

14. A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files – Downloaded program files – Temporary Internet files – Deleted files – Unused program files 14

15. Utility Programs A disk defragmenter reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster 15

16. Utility Programs A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium in a compressed form A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form 16

17. Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition Living in a Digital World Part Two

18. Categories of Application Software Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks: It can be divided into four categories: 18 To make business activities more efficientTo assist with graphics and multimedia projectsTo support home, personal, and educational tasksTo facilitate communications

19. Categories of Application Software 19

20. Business Software Business software is application software that assists people while performing business activities 20 Word Processing SpreadsheetDatabasePresentation Note taking Business software for phones Project management Accounting

21. Graphics and Multimedia Software 21

22. Graphics and Multimedia Software 22 Computer-aided design (CAD) software Paint/Image editing software

23. Graphics and Multimedia Software Web page authoring software helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include multimedia and interactive content 23

24. Software for Home, Personal, and Educational Use 24 Clip art/image gallery Home design/landscaping software

25. Web Applications A Web application (Web app) is a Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet 25

26. Application Software for Communications E-MailChat Room Text, Picture, Video Messaging Blogging VoIP (Internet Telephony) Video Conferencing 26

27. How do you learn to use application software Trying to use it without help – Usually programs are made user- friendly so you can quickly learn how to use it. Using the Program Help, which is the electronic equivalent of a user manual – You can ask a question or access the Help topics in subject or alphabetical order Finding Online tutorials Participating in a workshop 27