1. Why an international conference was needed in 1878 The congress of Berlin. Meet to prevent imbalance of power after territorial shifts.

2. Background Napoleon fought many wars until 1814. 5 nations ultimately determined what would be the “new order”. Conservative Crush liberal rebellions. Kings (legitimate rulers)

3. “Concert of Europe”

4. Meanwhile

5. Italy unifies during 1860s

6. Germany unifies during 1860s

7. A new picture after 1870 Success inspires ethnic nationalism in the Balkans Pan-Slavism (a trans nationalism) brings russia in. Russians at gates of Istanbul. HELP!!!

8. The congress of Berlin 1878 Gifts and shifts all around Who gets what? Winners and losers

10. Ottoman losses

11. OTTOMAN EMPIRE: THE SICK MAN OF EUROPE IS WEAKER STILL

13. Only Germany doesn’t attack Ottomans:

14. Peace until the next crisis. At some point, they choose war rather than conferences/”Congresses”.