1. Chapter 5-4 The Structure of Matter
Organic and Biochemical Compounds

2. What does Organic Mean? Organic – associated with living things
Organic Food – grown using fertilizers that come from plants or animals
In chemistry it describes certain compounds

3. Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds – covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
Ingredients in:
Aspirin
Sugarless gums
Sweeteners

4. Organic Compounds
Hydrocarbon – molecule made of hydrogen and carbon only
Methane – simplest hydrocarbon
CH4

8. Polymers
Polymers – large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers
Monomer – small unit or simple molecule
DNA, body cells, rubber, and wood

9. Repeating Subunits
Polymers - Organic molecules that bond to form long chains
Plastic jugs
“poly” – means many

10. Man-made vs Natural Natural: Man-made: Most are plastics or fibers
Wood, rubber, cotton, protien, DNA
Man-made:
Plastic containers, car parts, carpet, rope
Most are plastics or fibers

11. Elasticity Determines Structure
Polymer molecules are like spaghetti
Can crush or dent materials because it is flexible
Some are elastic, or stretchy, and some aren’t

12. Biochemical Polymers Important to living thing Carbohydrates – energy
Proteins – muscles, tendons, hair
DNA – provides information to cells

13. Carbohydrates
Carbohydrate – organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Provides nutrients to cells of living things

14. Proteins
Proteins – organic compound that is made of 1 or more chains of amino acids
Principal components of all cells

15. Amino Acids
Amino Acids – 20 different organic molecules that form proteins

16. DNA DNA – a polymer with a complex structure
Determines genetic makeup
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
Double helix – double chains; like a twister ladder