1. “You want soma this?”

2. Conflicts between Hindus & Muslims Separate homeland created for Muslims (Pakistan) India & Pakistan both seek control of Kashmir

3.  Cause of conflict: Britain dismantles its Indian empire  Type of conflict: nuclear arms race  Impact: territory of Jammu and Kashmir in dispute after division of India and Pakistan  Effects of separation include severe rioting, population movement, and communal violence

4.  “Finally, I must add that the British were at fault for not resolving this issue before pulling out in 1947” – Ismail Sloan  Areas consisting of +75% Muslims became Pakistan, rest is India. Kashmir was not included, Maharaja decided not to join either country.

5.  Conflict Scale: National, or International?  First went to war when Pakistan sent tribal Lashkars to Kashmir; War ended Jan. 1 1949  1971: Pakistan began civil war; India invaded East Pakistan; Bangladesh was created out of East Pakistan

6.  The US ordered sanctions against both countries, many European nations followed suit  Dec 13, 2001 – Armed attack on Delhi parliament kills 14, India blames Pakistani-backed Kashmiri militants, increasing hostility and troop build up along border.

7.  Unless the two countries can accept religious differences and convince Kashmir to be split in a way that is acceptable for each country the danger of serious problems remains.