1. Pre-Columbian civilizations hum2461 Instructor: Ericka Ghersi

2. Native American tribes

3. Native American tribes by groups Eastern Woodland Groups Iroquois Algonquian Cherokee Seminole Iroquois Algonquian Cherokee Seminole Southwest Groups Pueblo Apache Navajo Pueblo Apache Navajo Southwest Coastal Group Inuit (Esquimo) Group California Group Plains Group

4. Four corners

6. Four Corners constitutes Southern Utah, Northern Arizona, Northwest New Mexico, Southern Colorado.

7. Mesaverde, Colorado

8. Canyon de Chelly, Arizona

9. Pueblo bonito, New Mexico

10. Pre-Columbian civilizations hum2461 Instructor: Ericka Ghersi

11. NORTH AMERICA Southwest: Ancestral Pueblo culture, 1200 BCE–1300 CE, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico Ancestral Pueblo culture Fremont culture, 400 CE–1350 CE, Utah and parts of Nevada, Idaho and Colorado Fremont culture Hohokam, 200 CE–1450 CE, Arizona Hohokam Eastern Woodlands Woodland period, 1000 BCE–1000 CE Woodland period Adena, 1000–200 BCE, Ohio, Indiana, West Virginia, Kentucky, and parts of Pennsylvania and New York. Adena Fort Ancient, 1000 CE–1650 CE, Ohio Fort Ancient Hopewell culture, 200 BCE–500 CE, Southeastern Canada and eastern United States Hopewell culture Mississippian culture, 800 CE–1500 CE, Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States Mississippian culture

12. MESOAMERICA Olmecs (200–400 BCE), Veracruz and Tabasco. Mayas (500 BCE–900 CE), Southern Mexican states of Chiapas and Tabasco, Mexican Yucatán Peninsula states of Quintana Roo, Campeche, and Yucatán; Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; western Honduras. Aztecs (1325–1521 CE), central Mexico

13. CARIBBEAN ISLANDS Ortoiroid people(ca. 5500—200 BCE ) Have originated in the Orinoco valley in South America. Krum Bay culture (1500—200 BCE), Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, Coroso culture (1000 BCE–200 CE), Puerto Rico. Ciboney people (ca. 1000—301 BCE), Greater Antilles. Guanahatabey, Cuba, 1000 BCE Saladoid culture (500 BCE—545 CE) Ostionoid culture (600—1500 CE )

14. SOUTH AMERICA Valdivia (Ecuador) Chavín/Moche/Chimú (Perú) Paracas/Nasca (Perú) Tiwanaku (Bolivia) Inca (Perú)

15. Caral Caral, the oldest civilization in the world #1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqVOi_ S-QsM&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqVOi_ S-QsM&feature=relmfu Caral, the oldest civilization in the world #2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?src_vid=M qVOi_S- QsM&v=e4kf59A2Ye4&feature=iv&annotati on_id=annotation_986631

16. Inca Empire hum2461 Instructor: Ericka Ghersi