1. TRACC TRansport ACCessibility at Regional/Local Scale and Patterns in Europe ESPON 2013 Programme Internal Seminar Evidence-based Cohesion Policy: Territorial Dimensions 29-30 November 2011 Krakow, Poland

2. TPG 1.Spiekermann & Wegener, Urban and Regional Research (S&W), Dortmund, Germany (Lead Partner) 2.Charles University in Prague, Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Prague, Czech Republic 3.RRG Spatial Planning and Geoinformation, Oldenburg, Germany 4.Mcrit, Barcelona, Spain 5.University of Oulu, Department of Geography, Oulu, Finland 6.TRT Trasporti e Territorio, Milan, Italy 7.S. Leszczycki Institute of Geography and Spatial Organisation - Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

3. Main objectives to take up and update the results of existing studies on accessibility at the European scale using most recent available network and socio-economic data, to extend the range of accessibility indicators by further indicators responding to new policy questions and further developing the quality and validity of the existing indicators, to extend the spatial resolution of accessibility indicators by calculating, besides European accessibility, also global and regional accessibility, to explore the likely impacts of available policies at the European and national scale to improve global, European and regional accessibility in the light of new challenges, such as globalisation, energy scarcity and climate change.

4. Key policy questions What are the differences between accessibility at three different levels (regional, European and global) considering the four modes road, rail, water and air? What is the link between accessibility at the different levels and for different modes of European regions and their economic development? How has this link changed over time? Does the strength of this link differ across the EU? What could be the territorial impact of rising energy prices on the future developments of road, rail, water and air transport? What could be the impact of various transport scenarios on climate change, access patterns and economic development?

5. TRACC set of accessibility indicators Spatial Context Basic characteristics Generic type of accessibility indicator Travel costCumulated opportunities Potential GlobalTravel Access to global cities Global travel connectivity Global potential accessibility travel Freight Access to global freight hubs Global freight connectivity Global potential accessibility freight EuropeTravel (traditional) Access to top ten MEGAs European daily accessibility travel European potential accessibility travel Travel (new) Travel speedUrban connectivityEuropean potential acc. intermodal travel Freight Access to nearest maritime ports European daily accessibility freight European potential accessibility freight RegionalTravel (Europe-wide) Access to high-level transport infrastructure Availability of urban functions National potential accessibility travell Freight (Europe-wide) Access to freight terminals Availability of freight terminals National potential accessibility freight Travel (case studies, tradit.) Access to regional centres Daily accessibility of jobs Regional potential accessibility Travel (case studies, to SIG) Access to health care facilities Availability of secondary schools Potential accessibility to basic health care

6. Global potential accessibility intermodal

7. European potential accessibility, rail freight, unitised

8. Urban connectivity road

9. National potential accessibility travel, rail

10. Access to freight terminals road DRAFT

11. TRACC Regional case studies

12. Accessibility potential to jobs road DRAFT

13. Access to health care facilities (road travel time to nearest hospital)

14. Accessibility scenarios What are the effects of the new proposal of the European Commission for Trans-European Transport Networks on accessibility? Effects on Europe- wide accessibility pattern Effects on regional accessibility pattern Proposed core network

15. Accessibility scenarios What are the effects of the new proposal of the European Commission for Trans-European Transport Networks on accessibility? Effects on Europe- wide accessibility pattern Effects on regional accessibility pattern Proposed TEN-T network rail

16. Impact analysis and scenarios Analysis of the relationship between accessibility and economic development and environmental indicators over time. Consistent set of long-term scenarios of European transport. Likely spatial impacts of European transport scenarios up to the year 2030 (regional accessibility, regional economic development, territorial cohesion, polycentricity, environmental impacts).

17. Planned policy scenarios ScenarioPolicies RReference (BAU) Continuation of current policies AGrowth Infrastructure for central regions BCohesion Infrastructure for peripheral areas CSustainability Transport pricing ABGrowth and cohesion Infrastructure for all regions ACGrowth and sustainability Infrastructure for central regions and transport pricing BCCohesion and sustainability Infrastructure for peripheral regions and transport pricing ABCRecommendation Balanced combination of infrastructure and transport pricing