1. MR. LIPMAN’S APUS REVIEW Unit II Chapters 6-9

2. Spain, England, and France are fighting for control of the New World and World domination (1688-1763) Albany Congress (1754) 1 st attempt to bring colonies together (want Indian help against French) but plans voted down by colonies 1756-1763 (French and Indian War aka the 7 years war) ends with Treaty of Paris – Americans allied with English but just 12 years later they will be fighting England – Debt from French and Indian war changes everything

3. Steps to the Revolution: – Proclamation of 1763 – End of Salutary Neglect – No Taxation without Representation – Sugar Act – Quartering Act – Stamp Act and the Stamp Act Congress – Townsend Act {Indirect taxes instead of direct} – Boston Massacre (1770) – Boston (and others) Tea Party (1773) – Intolerable Acts passed in response

4. – First Continental Congress (1774) – Lexington and Concord (April 1775) – Bunker Hill (June 1775) – Second Continental Congress and Olive Branch – Common Sense (January 1776) – Lee’s Resolution leads to Jefferson’s Declaration – Loyalists vs. Patriots – Hope for foreign aid (French) will not come until Saratoga brings turning point of the war

5. The Revolutionary War: – Battle of New York – Battle of Trenton – Battle of Saratoga ( Oct. 1777) – Battle of Monmouth (1778) – Yorktown (1781) brings final major victory and leads to Paris Peace Treaty of 1783 Formal recognition of American Independence Issue of Property Rights and acknowledgment of private debts will remain a problem

6. Problems following the War: – Debts and Inflation – Lack of strong central government (Articles of Confederation are not working) – Shay’s Rebellion (1786) – Land claims by different colonies – Loyalty to colony not to United states – Annapolis Convention (Maryland) 1786 – Land Ordinance of 1785 and Northwest Ordinance of 1787 are two good things to come out of the Articles of Confederation

7. CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (1787) – Great Compromise (Virginia Plan vs. NJ Plan) leads to Bi-Cameral legislature (aka Conn. Plan) – 3/5ths Compromise (& 20 year importation) – Electoral College – Checks and Balances – Separation of Powers – Federalism Ratification and the fight between Federalists and Anti-Federalists (need 3/4 th of states) Federalist Essays (Hamilton, Madison, Jay)

8. A Republican Form of Government has three great Principles: 1.Government based upon consent of the People 2.Powers of Government should be limited 3. Each branch of Government must be checked and limited by another Locke; Hobbes; Montesquieu; Rousseau