1. Neolithic Revolution Otherwise known as the First Agricultural Revolution

2. What was the Agricultural Revolution? Development of agriculture Development of agriculture Different times in different places Different times in different places Created important changes Created important changes

3. When was it? As early as 10,000 BCE As early as 10,000 BCE But evidence by 9,000 BCE But evidence by 9,000 BCE

4. What conditions led to the rise of the Agricultural Revolution? Population increase Population increase Retreat of big game animals Retreat of big game animals Climate change Climate change Raised domesticated animals and plants Raised domesticated animals and plants Nomads returned seasonally Nomads returned seasonally

5. Did everyone agree on the idea of agriculture? Possible debates Possible debates Success hard to deny Success hard to deny Problems with it though Problems with it though

6. What were the problems of agriculture? Threat of drought Threat of drought Health Health Based on luck Based on luck

7. What were the advantages of agriculture? Moved toward more elaborate social and cultural patterns Moved toward more elaborate social and cultural patterns Focus on other activities Focus on other activities Domestication of plants/animals Domestication of plants/animals Exchanges of crops and techniques Exchanges of crops and techniques Pastorialism Pastorialism

8. Where did it occur? First- Fertile Crescent First- Fertile Crescent Then spread to parts of India, North Africa and Europe Then spread to parts of India, North Africa and Europe Invented separately in the America’s Invented separately in the America’s

9. Did the rise of agriculture lead to civilizations? Yes Yes

10. What are characteristics of a civilization? A form of written language A form of written language Social stability with their organization Social stability with their organization Access to resources Access to resources Usually has a form of religion Usually has a form of religion Arts and innovation Arts and innovation Distinction between classes and genders Distinction between classes and genders

11. Civilization Characteristics (cont’d) Distinction between “civilized” and “uncivilized” Distinction between “civilized” and “uncivilized” Greater impact on the environment Greater impact on the environment Legal systems Legal systems

12. Aspects of early societies

13. What was the religion like in the agricultural society? Reverence for departed ancestors Reverence for departed ancestors Started leaning towards Earth Goddess (Think Why?) Started leaning towards Earth Goddess (Think Why?)

14. What was the role of women? Most important sex at the time (10,000 BCE to 3,500 BCE) Most important sex at the time (10,000 BCE to 3,500 BCE) Both worked in fields Both worked in fields Reproduction important Reproduction important

15. What was daily life like? Early farmers worked really hard with a shorter life span Early farmers worked really hard with a shorter life span Clans or lineages held land Clans or lineages held land Eventual specialization in crafts Eventual specialization in crafts

16. What was the impact of the introduction of Bronze and then metal? Extremely useful Extremely useful Metal tools created further change in society Metal tools created further change in society Artisans were able to create better crafts as well Artisans were able to create better crafts as well